Skip to main content

Table 1 Degree of baseline acidemia and base deficit in DKA patients with bicarbonate administered

From: Bicarbonate in diabetic ketoacidosis - a systematic review

Reference

Population

Nature of study

Mean initial blood indices

   

pH

Base deficit

Bicarb (mmol/L)

Addis 1964 [29]

A. (N = 3)

Case series

6.94

Mostly unavailable

Kuzemko 1969 [30]

P. (N = 6)

Case series

7.05

23

8.0

Zimmet 1970 [4]

A. (N = 11)

Case series

7.09

24

4.4

Soler 1972 [22]

A+P. (N = 18)

Prospective C-C

< 7.2

NR

< 10.0

Krumlik 1973 [31]

P. (N = 27)

Case series

7.05

NR

7.6

Soler 1974 [32]

A. (N = 1)

Case report

6.85

NR

6.0

Munk 1974 [16]

P. (N = 5)

Prospective C-C

7.05

22

8.7

Assal 1974 [23]

A+P. (N = 9)

Retrospective C-C

7.06

NR

5.6

Keller 1975 [33]

A. (N = 58)*

Case series

< 7.2

NR

NR

Reddy 1977 [34]

P. (N = 19)

Case series

7.07

NR

6.5

Lutterman 1979 [17]

A. (N = 12)

Retrospective C-C

6.89

NR

NR

Lever 1983 [18]

A. (N = 52)

Retrospective C-C

6.94-7.00†

NR

3.4-4.3†

Hale 1984 [13]

A. (N = 16)

RCT

6.85

NR

7.0

Morris 1986 [14]‡

A. (N = 10)

RCT

7.03

NR

3.6

Gamba 1991 [15]‡

A. (N = 9)

RCT (DB)

7.05

NR

2.9

Okuda 1996 [19]

A. (N = 3)

Prospective C-C

6.98

NR

2.0

Green 1998 [24]

P. (N = 57)

Retrospective C-C

7.02

40

NR

Viallon 1999 [20]

A. (N = 24)

Retrospective C-C

6.93

NR

3.1

Latif 2002 [21]

A. (N = 4)

Retrospective C-C

6.85

NR

NR

Kamarzaman 2009 [35]

A. (N = 1)

Case report

6.27

41

4.0

Guneysel 2009 [36]

A. (N = 1)

Case report

6.82

27

8.4

  1. A = adults; P = pediatrics; N = number of patients who received bicarbonate, if breakdown available; C-C = case-control; RCT = randomized, controlled trial; DB = double-blinded; Bicarb = bicarbonate level; NR = not reported
  2. *Breakdown of patients with or without bicarbonate administered not provided
  3. †Mean values provided separately for two different study centers
  4. ‡Patients with initial pH < 6.9 were excluded from the RCT