From: Bicarbonate in diabetic ketoacidosis - a systematic review
Reference | Population | Nature of study | Mean initial blood indices | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  |  | pH | Base deficit | Bicarb (mmol/L) |
Addis 1964 [29] | A. (N = 3) | Case series | 6.94 | Mostly unavailable | |
Kuzemko 1969 [30] | P. (N = 6) | Case series | 7.05 | 23 | 8.0 |
Zimmet 1970 [4] | A. (N = 11) | Case series | 7.09 | 24 | 4.4 |
Soler 1972 [22] | A+P. (N = 18) | Prospective C-C | < 7.2 | NR | < 10.0 |
Krumlik 1973 [31] | P. (N = 27) | Case series | 7.05 | NR | 7.6 |
Soler 1974 [32] | A. (N = 1) | Case report | 6.85 | NR | 6.0 |
Munk 1974 [16] | P. (N = 5) | Prospective C-C | 7.05 | 22 | 8.7 |
Assal 1974 [23] | A+P. (N = 9) | Retrospective C-C | 7.06 | NR | 5.6 |
Keller 1975 [33] | A. (N = 58)* | Case series | < 7.2 | NR | NR |
Reddy 1977 [34] | P. (N = 19) | Case series | 7.07 | NR | 6.5 |
Lutterman 1979 [17] | A. (N = 12) | Retrospective C-C | 6.89 | NR | NR |
Lever 1983 [18] | A. (N = 52) | Retrospective C-C | 6.94-7.00†| NR | 3.4-4.3†|
Hale 1984 [13] | A. (N = 16) | RCT | 6.85 | NR | 7.0 |
Morris 1986 [14]‡ | A. (N = 10) | RCT | 7.03 | NR | 3.6 |
Gamba 1991 [15]‡ | A. (N = 9) | RCT (DB) | 7.05 | NR | 2.9 |
Okuda 1996 [19] | A. (N = 3) | Prospective C-C | 6.98 | NR | 2.0 |
Green 1998 [24] | P. (N = 57) | Retrospective C-C | 7.02 | 40 | NR |
Viallon 1999 [20] | A. (N = 24) | Retrospective C-C | 6.93 | NR | 3.1 |
Latif 2002 [21] | A. (N = 4) | Retrospective C-C | 6.85 | NR | NR |
Kamarzaman 2009 [35] | A. (N = 1) | Case report | 6.27 | 41 | 4.0 |
Guneysel 2009 [36] | A. (N = 1) | Case report | 6.82 | 27 | 8.4 |