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Table 2 The objective findings that respondents considered would not be compatible with brain death

From: A survey of American neurologists about brain death: understanding the conceptual basis and diagnostic tests for brain death

Finding

This would not be compatible with brain death (n = 192) [n (%; 95% confidence interval)]

Actual percentage of clinically diagnosed brain death cases with this finding [15, 16]

Objective test

  

Some EEG activity

135 (70%; 63-76%))

> 20%

Some evoked potential activity

107 (56%; 49-63%)

> 5%

Some cerebral blood flow

99 (52%; 45-59%)

> 5-40%

Some pituitary hormones

17 (9%; 6-14%)

> 50%

Normal brainstem pathology

36 (19%; 14-25%)

> 10-40%

None of the above

34 (18%; 13-24%)

Unknown

Pathology finding

  

Brainstem minimal damage

81 (42%; 35-49%)

> 5-40%

Cerebral cortex minimal damage

63 (33%; 27-40%)

> 5-40%

Damage but not respirator brain

27 (14%; 10-20%)

> 5-40%

Widespread necrosis

1 (1%; 0-3%)

> 50%

None of the above

93 (48%; 41-55%)

Unknown

  1. EEG = electroencephalogram
  2. The standard medical, ethical, and legal tests for brain death only require clinical bedside tests; EEG, brainstem evoked potential, brain blood flow, or pituitary hormone testing are not required nor recommended [1, 5, 7, 8, 11, 24, 25]. In addition, brain pathology is not obtained as part of the diagnosis of brain death.