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Annals of Intensive Care

Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Fluid management in critically ill patients: the role of extravascular lung water, abdominal hypertension, capillary leak, and fluid balance

Variable

Survivors (n= 58)

Nonsurvivors (n= 65)

p value

Age (years)

63.2 ± 14.2

65.3 ± 15.2

0.436

Male sex (%)

66

67

0.798

BMI (kg/m2)

26.6 ± 6.6

24.6 ± 4.0

0.053

Primary reason for MV (%)

  

0.937

   Sepsis/septic shock

24.1

24.7

 

   Pneumonia

15.5

16.9

 

   ARDS

13.7

10.8

 

   Postoperative/trauma

5.4

6.1

 

   Acute COPD exacerbation

6.9

7.7

 

   Congestive heart failure

6.9

6.2

 

   Cardiac arrest

5.2

6.2

 

   Hemorrhagic stroke

8.6

7.6

 

   Other

13.7

13.8

 

Medical ICU (%)

40.7

48.0

0.562

ICU stay (day)

31.8 ± 18.1

11.0 ± 6.4

<0.001

Severity of disease

   SAPS II

49.5 ± 15.6

53.9 ± 18.1

0.157

   APACHE II

22.1 ± 8.5

23.0 ± 10.7

0.617

   SOFA score at admission

10.3 ± 4.3

10.4 ± 4.5

0.844

Acute lung injury (%)

  

0.836

   Primary

27.5

30.7

 

   Secondary

25.8

21.5

 

Organ function assessment

   Number of organs failing

2.2 ± 1.3

2.1 ± 1.2

0.605

Hemodynamic variables

   HR (bpm)

96.7 ± 20.4

98.6 ± 18.8

0.661

   Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

84.2 ± 13.4

78.7 ± 10.4

0.011

   Met shock criteria (%)

69.0

69.2

0.975

   Vasopressor use (%)

69.0

67.8

0.880

   CI (L/min/m2)

3.6 ± 1.1

3.1 ± 1.6

0.255

   SVV (%)

11.8 ± 7.1

14.4 ± 6.9

0.236

   GEF (%)

21.2 ± 8.1

15.1 ± 7.7

0.015

   GEDVI (mL/m2)

766.2 ± 165.0

725.6 ± 174.5

0.42

   EVLWI (mL/kg)

9.8 ± 3.9

10.5 ± 5.2

0.543

   PVPI

2.4 ± 0.9

2.4 ± 1.1

0.869

Respiratory variables

   Tidal volume (mL/kg of PBW)

8.2 ± 1.7

8.3 ± 1.7

0.709

   Plateau pressure (cmH2O)

23.8 ± 6.5

24.1 ± 8.2

0.792

   PEEP (cmH2O)

7.0 ± 2.2

6.2 ± 2.3

0.075

   Dynamic compliance (mL/cmH2O)

40.9 ± 15.6

39.0 ± 22.6

0.635

   PaO2/FIO2

263.4 ± 135.1

271.7 ± 154.9

0.755

Renal and metabolic variables

   Creatinine (mg/dL)

1.8 ± 1.7

2.5 ± 2.9

0.095

   Urine output (mL/day)

1,524.6 ± 1,342.7

1,428.5 ± 1,236.6

0.683

   Albumin (mg/dL)

25.0 ± 7.5

27.0 ± 8.7

0.194

   pH

7.35 ± 0.11

7.32 ± 0.12

0.205

Immune system

   CRP (mg/dL)

10.6 ± 9.8

13.8 ± 12.4

0.127

   Central nervous system

   Glasgow Coma Score

8.1 ± 5.1

8.2 ± 5.2

0.905

Capillary leak index

52.7 ± 56.2

61.8 ± 61.3

0.411

Intra-abdominal pressure (mmHg)

8.2 ± 3.5

7.9 ± 3.7

0.722

Abdominal perfusion pressure (mmHg)

75.4 ± 13.9

70.4 ± 11.3

0.071

Fluid balance (mL/day)

1,755.9 ± 4,616.0

2,133.8 ± 3,525.1

0.612

  1. BMI, body mass index; MV, mechanical ventilation; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SAPS, simplified acute physiology score; APACHE, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; HR, heart rate; CI, cardiac index; SVV, stroke volume variation; GEF, global ejection fraction; GEDVI, global end-diastolic volume index; EVLWI, extravascular lung water index; PVPI, pulmonary vascular permeability index; PBW, predicted body weight; PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure; CRP, C-reactive protein.
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