Skip to main content
Annals of Intensive Care

Table 6 General characteristics of the patients with ≥2 categorized risk factors and comparisons between patients

From: Incidence and prognosis of intra-abdominal hypertension in critically ill medical patients: a prospective epidemiological study

 

≥2 Categorized risk factors

Intra-abdominal hypertension

No intra-abdominal hypertension

p value

Patients (n, percent)

87 (100)

59 (67.8)

28 (32.2)

 

Age (years)

55.8 ± 17.2

59.3 ± 16.4

48.5 ± 16.6

.006

Male gender (n, percent)

66 (75.9)

44 (74.6)

22 (78.6)

NS

Body mass index (kilograms per square meter)

26.3 ± 5.6

27.7 ± 5.6

23.4 ± 4.2

< .001

APACHE II score, points

22.8 ± 7.9

24.4 ± 7.8

19.5 ± 7.2

.007

SOFA score on day 1, points

7.9 ± 3.9

8.8 ± 4.0

6.2 ± 3.3

.004

Number of organ failures on day 1, points

3.2 ± 1.3

3.5 ± 1.3

2.5 ± 1.2

.002

SOFA score maximum, points

10.5 ± 5.1

11.7 ± 4.7

7.9 ± 4.9

.001

Number of organ failures maximum, points

3.8 ± 1.5

4.2 ± 1.4

3.0 ± 1.4

< .001

Positive cumulative fluid balance during ICU stay

34 (39)

25 (42.4)

9 (32.1)

NS

ICU stay (days)a

9 (4-25)

11 (7-29)

4 (3-9)

< .001

Hospital stay (days)a

24 (4-55)

29 (13-61)

15 (6-34)

.005

Hospital mortality (n, percent)

36 (41.4)

27 (45.8)

9 (32.1)

NS

Number of categorized risk factors

    

   On admission

2.4 ± 0.9

2.5 ± 0.9

2.1 ± 0.8

.05

   During ICU stay

2.8 ± 0.8

2.9 ± 0.8

2.4 ± 0.6

.006

Risk factors during ICU stayb (n, percent)

    

   Diminished abdominal wall compliance

83 (95.4)

57 (96.6)

26 (92.9)

NS

Mechanical ventilation

77 (88.5)

51 (86.4)

26 (92.9)

NS

Head of bed > 30°

83 (95.4)

57 (96.6)

26 (92.9)

NS

Body mass index ≥30 kg/m2

26 (29.9)

24 (40.7)

2 (7.1)

.001

   Increased intraluminal contents

44 (50.6)

33 (55.9)

11 (39.3)

NS

Gastroparesis

37 (42.5)

28 (47.5)

9 (32.1)

NS

Ileus

21 (24.1)

16 (27.1)

5 (17.9)

NS

   Increased abdominal contents

26 (29.9)

23 (39)

3 (10.7)

.007

Ascites/liver dysfunction

14 (16.1)

12 (20.3)

2 (7.1)

NS

Ascites of other causes

4 (4.6)

4 (6.8)

0 (0)

NS

   Capillary leak syndrome/fluid resuscitation

79 (90.8)

55 (93.2)

24 (85.7)

NS

Acidosis

28 (32.2)

22 (37.3)

6 (21.4)

NS

Hypotension

61 (70.1)

46 (78)

15 (53.6)

.02

Hypothermia

7 (8)

5 (8.5)

2 (7.1)

NS

Multiple transfusions

3 (3.4)

2 (3.4)

1 (3.6)

NS

Coagulopathy

40 (45.9)

30 (50.8)

10 (35.7)

NS

Massive fluid resuscitation

40 (46)

30 (50.8)

10 (35.7)

NS

Acute pancreatitis

5 (5.7)

5 (8.5)

0 (0)

.005

Oliguria

35 (40.2)

27 (45.8)

8 (28.6)

NS

Sepsis

56 (64.4)

40 (67.8)

16 (57.1)

NS

IAP during ICU stay

12 ± 3

13 ± 1

8 ± 1

< .001

APP mean during ICU stay

74 ± 13

73 ± 12

74 ± 15

NS

  1. General characteristics of the patients with ≥2 categorized risk factors, and comparisons between patients with and without intra-abdominal hypertension. aData are presented as median and interquartile range. bAbdominal surgery with primary fascial or tight closure, major trauma, major burns, prone positioning, colonic pseudo-obstruction, hemoperitoneum or pneumoperitoneum; other intra-abdominal injuries and damage control laparotomy are not included due to the very low number of patients with these risk factors. APACHE II, APP, abdominal perfusion pressure; Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; CRF, categorized risk factors; IAH, intra-abdominal hypertension; IAP, intra-abdominal pressure (mmHg); ICU, intensive care unit; NS, not significant; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, unless otherwise indicated.
Back to article page