Table 2 Study characteristics
From: Timing of (supplemental) parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients: a systematic review
Study | Design | N | Medical versus surgical patients | Determinants | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment group (n) | Control group (n) | Third group (n) | ||||
Bauer 2000 [11] | RCT | 120 | Mixed (exclusion of elective surgery) | EN + EPN for 4 to 7 days (60) | EN + placebo for 4 to 7 days (60) | x |
Cahill 2011 [12] | Prospective observational study | 703 | Medical | EN + EPN <48 h of admission (83) | EN >48 h of admission + no PN (541) | EN + LPN both >48 h of admission (79) |
Casaer 2011 [13] | RCT | 4,640 | Almost 90% surgical patients (58.5% admitted electively) | LPN ≥8 days of admission (2,328) | EPN <48 h of admission (2,312) | x |
Doig 2013 [14] | RCT | 1,372 | Mixed | EPN <24 h of admission (686) | Pragmatic standard care: unfed for 2 to 5 days (686) | x |
Heidegger 2013 [15] | RCT | 305 | Mixed | EN + LPN >3 days of admission (153) | EN at day 1 (152) | x |
Kutsogiannis 2011 [16] | Prospective observational study | 2,920 | Mixed | EN <48 h of admission (2,562) | EN + EPN both <48 h of admission (188) | EN <48 h of admission + LPN >48 h of admission (170) |