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Annals of Intensive Care

Table 1 Differences in characteristics between hospital survivors and hospital non-survivors

From: Long-term survival and quality of life after intensive care for patients 80 years of age or older

 

Total (n = 395)

Hospital survivors (n = 235)

Hospital non-survivors (n = 160)

p value

Age, mean ± SD

83.8 ± 2.9

83.5 ± 2.9

84.1 ± 2.8

0.049a

Male, %

61.0

60.9

61.3

0.511b

Length of stay (LOS), median (IQR)

    

 ICU-LOS

1.8 (0.9–3.9)

1.9 (1.0–4.3)

1.7 (0.8–3.2)

0.097c

 Hospital LOS

11.3 (4.0–19.3)

14.2 (7.6–25.1)

5.5 (1.9–12.8)

<0.001c

Ventilator support

    

 Mechanical ventilator support, % (n)

61.3 (242)

51.9 (122)

75.0 (120)

<0.001b

 Mechanical ventilator support time, median (IQR)

1.2 (0.5–3.3)

1.3 (0.5–3.8)

1.0 (0.4–3.0)

0.235c

 Non-invasive ventilator support, % (n)

33.2 (131)

35.8 (84)

29.6 (47)

0.344b

 Non-invasive ventilator support time, median (IQR)

1.5 (0.5–2.8)

1.6 (0.5–3.2)

1.3 (0.4–2.5)

0.164c

Severity score, mean ± SD

    

 SAPS II

44.3 ± 15.0 (n = 390)

40.6 ± 12.9 (n = 230)

49.5 ± 16.3 (n = 160)

<0.001a

 Max. SOFA

7.8 ± 3.8 (n = 389)

6.7 ± 3.3 (n = 229)

9.5 ± 3.8 (n = 160)

<0.001a

Comorbidity

    

 Charlson comorbidity index, mean ± SD

2.6 ± 1.9 (n = 390)

2.7 ± 1.8 (n = 234)

2.5 ± 1.9 (n = 156)

0.389a

 Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) categories, % (n)

   

0.602b

 None (CCI 0)

12.3 (48)

11.1 (26)

14.1 (22)

 

 Mild (CCI 1–2)

40.8 (159)

39.3 (92)

42.9 (67)

 

 Moderate (CCI 3–4)

32.3 (126)

34.2 (80)

29.5 (46)

 

 Severe (CCI ≥5)

14.6 (57)

15.4 (36)

13.5 (21)

 

Severe organ dysfunction, % (n)

    

 Respiration

66.3 (262)

62.6 (147)

71.9 (115)

0.034b

 Circulation

47.1 (186)

38.7 (91)

59.4 (95)

<0.001b

 Renal

28.1 (111)

20.9 (49)

38.8 (62)

<0.001b

 CNS

26.1 (103)

18.7 (44)

36.9 (59)

<0.001b

 Coagulation

9.9 (39)

9.8 (23)

10.0 (16)

0.537b

 Liver

1.3 (5)

0.9 (2)

1.9 (3)

0.399d

Admission categories, % (n)

   

<0.001b

 Planned surgery

12.7 (50)

17.9 (42)

5.0 (8)

 

 Unplanned surgery

53.9 (213)

49.8 (117)

60.0 (96)

 

 Medical reasons

33.4 (132)

32.3 (76)

35.0 (56)

 

Diagnostic groups, % (n)

    

 Respiratory failure

28.1 (111)

31.1 (73)

23.8 (38)

0.112b

 Circulatory failure

8.1 (32)

7.7 (18)

8.8 (14)

0.697b

 Combined respiratory and circulatory failure

10.4 (41)

8.9 (21)

12.5 (20)

0.254b

 Neurologic failure

10.1 (40)

9.4 (22)

11.3 (18)

0.541b

 Isolated head injury

2.5 (10)

1.7 (4)

3.8 (6)

0.328d

 Sepsis

8.9 (35)

7.2 (17)

11.3 (18)

0.168b

 Gastroenterological failure

4.8 (19)

4.7 (11)

5.0 (8)

0.884b

 Multiple organ failure

5.6 (22)

3.0 (7)

9.4 (15)

0.007b

 Multitrauma without head injury

3.8 (15)

5.1 (12)

1.9 (3)

0.099b

 Multitrauma with head injury

2.3 (9)

1.7 (4)

3.1 (5)

0.495d

 Planned surgery

3.3 (13)

5.5 (13)

0.0 (0)

0.002b

 Acute operation

6.6 (26)

7.2 (17)

5.6 (9)

0.527b

 Unspecified

5.6 (22)

6.8 (16)

3.8 (6)

0.193b

  1. IQR interquartile range, SD standard deviation, CI confidence interval, ICU intensive care unit, SAPS II simplified acute physiology score II, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment, CCI Charlson comorbidity index
  2. aIndependent t test
  3. bPearson’s chi-square
  4. cMann-Whitney U test
  5. dFisher’s exact test
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