From: Hyponatremia in the intensive care unit: How to avoid a Zugzwang situation?
First author, year of publication | Study methodology | Definition of hyponatremia | Number/total population (%)c | Patient characteristics associated with hyponatremia | Outcomes significantly associated with hyponatremia | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Studied variable | Outcomee | ||||
Vandergheinst, 2013 | Prospective, 1 day multicentric 1265 ICUs | <135 mmol/L | 1713/13,796 (12.9 %) | SAPS II SOFA ICU LOS (129 < PNa < 135) Cirrhosis (PNa < 130) Infection (125 < PNa < 135) Medical (PNa < 125) | – | Hyponatremia, according to severity and type | Increased hospital mortality (whole population)f |
1. Severity of hyponatremiaa | |||||||
2. Type of hyponatremia | |||||||
 On admission | |||||||
 ICU acquiredb | |||||||
3. Whole population | |||||||
Sakr, 2013 | Retrospective Monocentric 1 ICU | <135 mmol/L | 1215/10,923d (11.2 %) | SAPSII ICU LOS Diabetes Cancer Hematological cancer AKI | – | Hyponatremia on admission | Increased hospital mortality |
 On admission | |||||||
1483/10,923d (13.6Â %) | |||||||
 ICU acquiredb | |||||||
Darmon, 2013 | Retrospective 13 ICUs | <135Â mmol/L Severity of hyponatremiaa on admission | 3047/11,125 (9.7Â %) | Â | Â | Hyponatremia according to severity | Increased day-30 mortality (for moderate and severe hyponatremia)h |
Study, year of publication | Study methodology | Definition of hyponatremia | Number/total population (%)c | Patient characteristics associated with hyponatremia | Hyponatremia as a risk factor for ICU | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Studied variable | Outcomee | ||||
Funk, 2010 | Retrospective multicentric 77 ICUs | = or <135 mmol/L on admission | 26,782/151,486 (17.7 %) | – | – | Hyponatremia | Increased hospital mortality |
Stelfox, 2008 | Retrospective multicentric 3 ICUs | <133 mmol/L ICU acquiredb | 917/8142 (11 %) | – | Age Setting | Hyponatremia | Increased ICU mortality |
 Neurosurgical | |||||||
 Surgical | |||||||
 Trauma patients | |||||||
APACHE II GCS score Glucose level K+ >5 mmol/L T° > 37.3 °C and T° °C < 35 °C | |||||||
Bennani, 2003 | Retrospective monocentric 1 ICU | <130 mmol/L Severity of hyponatremiag on admission | 300/2188 (13.7 %) |  |  | Hyponatremia according to severity | Increased hospital mortality (PNa < 125 mmol/L) |
deVita, 1990 | Retrospective monocentric 1 ICU | <135 mmol/L on admission | 24/98 (24.5 %) | _ | _ | – | – |