Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics in the unmatched and propensity score-matched groups
Characteristics | Unmatched | Propensity-score matched | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control, n = 2009 | Corticosteroid, n = 155 | Standardized, difference, % | Control, n = 2164 | Corticosteroid, n = 2101 | Standardized difference, % | |||||
Age (year) | 74.8 | (11.5) | 75.1 | (10.6) | −2.2 | 74.8 | (11.5) | 75.5 | (10.1) | −5.9 |
Sex (male) | 1049 | (52.2) | 62 | (40.0) | 24.7 | 1111 | (51.3) | 1009 | (48.0) | 6.6 |
Hospital type (academic) | 489 | (24.3) | 42 | (27.1) | −6.3 | 532 | (24.6) | 583 | (27.7) | −7.2 |
Hospital volume, cases | 0.0 | |||||||||
Low, 1–4 | 673 | (33.5) | 52 | (33.5) | −0.1 | 725 | (33.5) | 659 | (31.4) | 4.6 |
Medium, 5–9 | 736 | (36.6) | 71 | (45.8) | −18.7 | 807 | (37.3) | 821 | (39.1) | −3.6 |
High, 10– | 600 | (29.9) | 32 | (20.6) | 21.3 | 632 | (29.2) | 622 | (29.6) | −0.8 |
Coexisting disease | ||||||||||
Diabetes | 221 | (11.0) | 17 | (11.0) | 0.1 | 238 | (11.0) | 200 | (9.5) | 4.9 |
Old myocardial infarction | 42 | (2.1) | 1 | (0.6) | 12.5 | 43 | (2.0) | 27 | (1.3) | 5.5 |
Pneumonia | 129 | (6.4) | 9 | (5.8) | 2.6 | 138 | (6.4) | 139 | (6.6) | −1.0 |
Chronic renal failure | 161 | (8.0) | 7 | (4.5) | 14.5 | 168 | (7.8) | 117 | (5.6) | 8.8 |
Disseminated intravascular coagulation | 959 | (47.7) | 81 | (52.3) | −9.1 | 1040 | (48.1) | 1065 | (50.7) | −5.3 |
Consciousness level (JCS score) | 0.0 | |||||||||
Alert | 1385 | (68.9) | 108 | (69.7) | −1.6 | 1493 | (69.0) | 1367 | (65.1) | 8.4 |
Delirium | 343 | (17.1) | 24 | (15.5) | 4.3 | 367 | (17.0) | 391 | (18.6) | −4.3 |
Somnolence | 116 | (5.8) | 10 | (6.5) | −2.8 | 126 | (5.8) | 168 | (8.0) | −8.6 |
Coma | 165 | (8.2) | 13 | (8.4) | −0.6 | 178 | (8.2) | 175 | (8.3) | −0.4 |