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Table 1 Technical considerations and performance characteristics of vibrating mesh nebulizers

From: Characteristics of an ideal nebulized antibiotic for the treatment of pneumonia in the intubated patient

Technical consideration

Performance characteristics vibrating mesh nebulizers

Bayer

Amikacin Inhale

Aerogen

Aeroneb Solo

PARI

eFlow

Mode of action

Breath synchronized (hand-held = continuous nebulization)

Continuous nebulization

Breath enhanced

Delivered dose

On-vent: 35–58 %; hand-held: 35–64 % [54]

13–17 % [71, 72]

31–44 % [73]

Delivery time

Timing depends on patient and flow rate but has been reported to be 36 ± 16 (on-vent) and 15 ± 5 (hand-held) [54]

Dependent on medication but suggested to be around 7–10 min with 3 mL albuterol [71, 72]

Dependent on medication [63]

Humidification

Humidification does not affect delivered dose of amikacin

Recommended to remove HME device

Recommended to turn humidification off during delivery

Remove HME as per manufacturer’s instructions

Humidification can be left on during delivery [66]