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Annals of Intensive Care

Table 2 Univariate ordinal logistic regression model linking demographic, physiological and laboratory parameters to AKI in HH

From: Outcome and features of acute kidney injury complicating hypoxic hepatitis at the medical intensive care unit

Parameter

Overall

AKI Stage

p value*

n = 295

0 (n = 55)

1 (n = 23)

2 (n = 56)

3 (n = 161)

Baseline characteristics

 Age, years (IQR)

63 (51–72)

60 (45–71)

62 (50–77)

65 (54–71)

63 (52–71)

0.325

 Sex (male), n (%)

201 (68 %)

31 (56 %)

19 (83 %)

35 (63 %)

116 (72 %)

0.086

 SAPS II (IQR)

62 (45–79)

50 (33–68)

52 (37–73)

59 (38–75)

70 (52–86)

<0.001

 SOFA (IQR)

11 (8–15)

10 (7–12)

9 (7–12)

10(6–13)

12 (8–16)

<0.001

 Respiratory rate, bpm (IQR)

20 (16–25)

18 (15–22)

18 (15–27)

20 (16–25)

21 (17–27)

0.080

 Body temperature, C° (IQR)

36.0 (34.8–36.8)

35.5 (33.6–36.5)

35.6 (33.5–36.5)

36.4 (35.2–36.9)

36.1 (35.0–36.8)

0.893

 Heart rate, bpm (IQR)

81 (65–104)

79 (61–95)

83 (60–107)

79 (60–98)

83 (66–108)

0.119

 Mean arterial pressure, mmHg (IQR)

68 (57–79)

73 (63–83)

72 (58–80)

70 (61–83)

65 (54–76)

<0.01

 Preexisting liver cirrhosis, n (%)

22 (7 %)

1 (2 %)

0

5 (9 %)

16 (10 %)

<0.05

Cause of HH

 Cardiogenic shock, n (%)a

133 (45 %)

27 (49 %)

15 (65 %)

28 (50 %)

63 (39 %)

<0.05

 Septic shock, n (%)a

109 (37 %)

12 (22 %)

5 (22 %)

14 (25 %)

78 (48 %)

<0.001

 Hemorrhagic shock, n (%)

8 (3 %)

0

0

1 (2 %)

7 (4 %)

0.081

Therapy

 Mechanical ventilation, n (%)

225 (76 %)

36 (66 %)

19 (83 %)

35 (63 %)

135 (84 %)

<0.01

 Vasopressor use, n (%)

247 (84 %)

38 (69 %)

18 (78 %)

35 (80 %)

146 (91 %)

<0.001

RRT, n (%)

122 (41 %)

0

0

0

122 (76 %)

<0.001

Laboratory parameters on admission

 Arterial lactate, mmol/l (IQR)

3.5 (1.7–8.2)

2.0 (1.2–4.4)

2.7 (1.6–5.7)

3.5 (2.1–6.9)

4.3 (2.1–10.6)

<0.001

 Arterial pH (IQR)

7.30 (7.20–7.40)

7.39 (7.30–7.47)

7.32 (7.28–7.39)

7.32 (7.24–7.41)

7.27 (7.15–7.36)

<0.001

 Sodium, mmol/l (IQR)

138 (133–142)

138 (133–140)

140 (136–143)

138 (133–141)

138 (133–142)

0.387

 Potassium, mmol/l (IQR)

4.5 (3.9–5.2)

4.1 (3.6–4.7)

4.0 (3.7–4.4)

4.5 (4.1–5.1)

4.7 (4.1–5.5)

0.906

 Albumin, g/l (IQR)

29.3 (24.1–34.0)

29 (24–32)

30 (26–36)

30 (24–35)

29 (24–34)

0.405

 AST, U/l (IQR)

366 (73–1265)

345 (77–781)

474 (85–1341)

699 (108–1599)

248 (57–1475)

0.142

 ALT, U/l (IQR)

139 (39–706)

129 (55–639)

219 (54–631)

217 (44–1470)

124 (34–682)

0.731

 INR (IQR)

1.4 (1.2–1.9)

1.3 (1.1–1.6)

1.3 (1.1–1.4)

1.4 (1.2–1.9)

1.5 (1.2–2.1)

0.142

 Bilirubin, mg/dl (IQR)

1.3 (0.7–2.7)

1.0 (0.6–2.1)

0.9 (0.7–1.6)

1.3 (0.8–3.1)

1.4 (0.7–3.2)

<0.05

Outcome

 28-day mortality, n (%)

170 (58 %)

17 (31 %)

6 (26 %)

25 (45 %)

122 (76 %)

<0.001

  1. SAPS II simplified acute physiology score, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment, HH hypoxic hepatitis, MCI myocardial infarction, RRT renal replacement therapy, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, INR international normalized ratio, IQR interquartile range
  2. * p values calculated using univariate ordinal logistic regression modeling with intercept
  3. aThree patients had both cardiogenic and septic shock (mixed shock)
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