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Annals of Intensive Care

Table 2 Urinary electrolyte, pH and anion gap profile at baseline and during 3-h furosemide administration

From: Real-time urinary electrolyte monitoring after furosemide administration in surgical ICU patients with normal renal function

Variable

Baseline

0–30 min

30–60 min

60–90 min

90–120 min

120–180 min

P

Median 3 h

[Na+]U (mEq/L)

57 (31–88)

142 (130–158)*

141 (127–151)*

134 (113–143)*

116 (97–129)*

91 (105–136)

<0.001

134 (116–142)

[K+]U (mEq/L)

56 (39–79)

22 (16–30)*

19 (17–26)*

26 (21–33)*

32 (25–38)*

36 (29–44)*

<0.001

24 (19–32)

[Cl−]U (mEq/L)

118 (84–131)

137 (130–153)*

137 (129–155)*

139 (127–156)*

134 (123–152)*

131 (106–142)

<0.001

135 (127–149)

[NH4 +]U (mEq/L)

7.0 (1.5–11.7)

6.0 (4.2–8.6)

6.7 (4.7–9.3)

8.6 (6.6–11.8)*

9.8 (6.9–14.2)*

10.3 (6.8–13.0)*

<0.001

7.6 (5.8–9.4)

Diuresis (ml/kg/h)

1.0 (0.5–1.3)

5.4 (3.4–7.7)*

4.1 (3.0–5.9)*

2.3 (1.7–3.6)*

1.5 (1.1–2.5)*

1.1 (0.8–1.6)

<0.001

2.7 (2.0–3.5)

Diuresis (ml/h)a

53 (34–76)

325 (221–394)*

114 (95–179)*

71 (53–100)

<0.001

528 (413–652)

AGU (mEq/L)

17 (−4 to 42)

28 (17–40)*

19 (11–31)

17 (0–27)

11 (−6 to 26)

5 (−7 to 23)*

<0.001

20 (8–29)

\( {\text{Na}}^{ + }_{\text{U}} \) (µEq/kg/min)

0.8 (0.2–1.5)

13.3 (8.0–19.8)*

9.6 (5.9–13.7)*

5.1 (2.9–7.0)*

2.9 (1.9–5.4)*

1.7 (0.9–3.1)

<0.001

6.6 (4.0–8.4)

\( {\text{K}}^{ + }_{\text{U}} \) (µEq/kg/min)

0.8 (0.5–1.0)

1.9 (1.3–2.5)*

1.4 (1.0–1.7)*

1.1 (0.8–1.4)*

0.8 (0.6–1.0)

0.7 (0.5–1.0)

<0.001

1.1 (1–1.3)

\( {\text{Cl}}^{ - }_{\text{U}} \) (µEq/kg/min)

1.6 (0.8–2.5)

12.9 (8.2–18.4)*

10.1 (6.4–13.7)*

5.9 (3.8–7.9)*

3.5 (2.6–5.9)*

2.3 (1.7–3.8)

<0.001

7 (4.2–8.2)

\( {{\text{NH}}_{4}^{ + }}_{\text{U}} \) (µEq/kg/min)

0.09 (0.01–0.22)

0.45 (0.30–0.94)*

0.45 (0.32–0.62)*

0.35 (0.21–0.50)*

0.25 (0.15–0.39)*

0.20 (0.13–0.29)

<0.001

0.34 (0.21–0.47)

FeNa+ (%)b

0.4 (0.2–1.1)

8.2 (6.1–12.5)*

6.6 (4.1–10.0)*

3.5 (1.8–6.4)*

1.8 (1.0–4.4)*

0.9 (0.6–2.4)

<0.001

3.9 (2.7–5.7)

FeK+ (%)b

18 (13–35)

47 (38–65)*

35 (25–43)*

28 (17–35)

22 (14–29)

17 (9–25)

<0.001

29 (21 – 35)

FeCl− (%)b

1.4 (0.6–2.3)

10.4 (7.1–16.4)*

8.4 (6.5–12.5)*

4.5 (3.4–9.2)*

2.7 (1.9–5.0)*

1.8 (1.1–3.7)

<0.001

5.5 (4.1–8.1)

  1. Data are reported as median value and interquartile ranges of values recorded during 30-min periods before (baseline) and after the intravenous administration of furosemide in the overall study population (single-dose group, n = 39). Median 3 h denotes median values of parameters recorded, as average, during the entire 3-h period
  2. \( Na^{ + }_{U} \) urinary sodium, \( K^{ + }_{U} \) urinary potassium, \( Cl^{-}_{U} \) urinary chloride, \( {\text{NH}}_{4}^{ + } {\text{U}} \) urinary ammonium, AG U urinary anion gap, Fe fractional excretion
  3. aData on Diuresis reported as between 0–30 min and 60–90 min refer to the total time included between 0–60 min and 60–120 min, respectively
  4. bData on FeNa+, FeK+ and FeCl– were available for 34 patients. One-way ANOVA for repeated measurements was performed. * P < 0.05 versus baseline
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