Table 3 Characteristics of the matched patients with acute kidney injury (N = 662) and their propensity-matched controls (N = 662)
Characteristic | Matched AKI patients | Matched non-AKI patients | Standardized difference |
|---|---|---|---|
Male gender | 462/662 (69.8) | 462/662 (69.8) | 0 |
Age | 63 [53–73] | 63 [52–72] | 1.6 |
Normal functional performance | 332 (50.3) | 342 (51.7) | −2.4 |
Disabled to work but no need for assistance | 244 (37.0) | 242 (36.6) | 0.62 |
Some assistance required | 65 (9.8) | 61 (9.2) | 2.0 |
Totally dependent on assistance | 19 (2.9) | 17 (2.6) | 1.8 |
Pre-ICU risk factors for AKI | |||
Hypotension | 151/662 (22.8) | 146/622 (22.1) | 1.6 |
Cardiogenic shock | 25/662 (3.8) | 21/662 (3.2) | 3.2 |
Acute liver failure | 12/662 (1.8) | 12/662 (1.8) | 0 |
Colloids | 220/662 (33.2) | 215/662 (32.5) | 1.4 |
Diuretics | 214/662 (32.3) | 193/662 (29.2) | 6.7 |
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors | 186/662 (28.1) | 169/662 (25.5) | 5.9 |
Radiocontrast dye | 146/662 (22.1) | 156/662 (23.6) | −3.5 |
Massive transfusion | 24/662 (3.6) | 20/662 (3.0) | 3.4 |
Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs | 60/662 (9.1) | 67/662 (10.1) | −3.4 |
Rhabdomyolysis | 20/662 (3.0) | 16/662 (2.4) | 3.7 |
Chronic kidney disease | 46/658 (7.0) | 32/659 (4.9) | 9.0 |
Hypertension | 349/659 (53.0) | 336/659 (51.0) | 3.8 |
Arteriosclerosis | 93/657 (14.2) | 88/654 (13.5) | 2.0 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 62/660 (9.4) | 70/657 (10.7) | −4.0 |
Heart failure | 71/654 (10.9) | 62/658 (9.4) | 4.3 |
Chronic liver failure | 20/658 (3.0) | 15/654 (2.3) | 4.4 |
Diabetes mellitus | 160/661 (24.2) | 163/660 (24.7) | 2.8 |
Malignancy | 14/619 (2.3) | 18/627 (2.9) | −3.9 |
Rheumatoid disease | 25/658 (3.8) | 31/657 (4.7) | −4.5 |
Thrombophilia | 38/661 (5.7) | 39/658 (5.9) | −0.86 |
Emergency admission | 557/662 (84.1) | 560/662 (84.6) | −1.3 |
Operative admission | 267/662 (40.3) | 265/662 (40.0) | 0.61 |
Severe sepsis | 207/662 (31.3) | 207/662 (31.3) | 0 |
Mechanical ventilation | 469/662 (70.8) | 452/662 (68.3) | 5.4 |
Vasoactive drugs | 450/662 (68.9) | 426/662 (64.4) | 7.6 |
SAPS II without age and renal components | 20.0 [14.0–27.0] | 20.0 [14.0–27.0] | 1.3 |