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Table 2 Associations of baseline plasma concentrations of immune-modulating ingredients and 6-month mortality in all, medical and non-medical critically ill patients

From: Glutamine, fish oil and antioxidants in critical illness: MetaPlus trial post hoc safety analysis

Immunonutrient (unit)

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

Coef.

SE

Hazard ratio

95% CI of the hazard ratio

P value

Coef.

SE

Hazard ratio

95% CI of the hazard ratio

P value

2a: All patients (n = 301)

Glutamine (μmol/L)

0.00119

0.00059

1.001

[1.000, 1.002]

0.046

0.00034

0.00065

1.000

[0.999, 1.001]

0.599

(epa + dha)/lcf ratio (×10−2)

0.21174

0.09876

1.236

[1.012, 1.491]

0.032

−0.02082

0.10415

0.979

[0.794, 1.195]

0.842

Selenium (μmol/L)

0.06623

0.16564

1.068

[0.737, 1.416]

0.689

0.11961

0.14465

1.127

[0.814, 1.448]

0.408

Vit E (μmol/L)

−0.00416

0.01402

0.996

[0.968, 1.023]

0.766

−0.00750

0.01458

0.993

[0.964, 1.021]

0.607

Vit C (μmol/L)

0.00297

0.00754

1.003

[0.986, 1.015]

0.694

−0.00507

0.00817

0.995

[0.977, 1.009]

0.535

Zinc (μmol/L)

0.01189

0.02532

1.012

[0.961, 1.061]

0.639

0.02327

0.02437

1.024

[0.974, 1.071]

0.340

2b: Medical patients (n = 109)

Glutamine (μmol/L)

−0.00011

0.00090

1.000

[0.998, 1.002]

0.901

−0.00025

0.00095

1.000

[0.998, 1.002]

0.792

(epa + dha)/lcf ratio (×10−2)

0.16155

0.12798

1.175

[0.905, 1.496]

0.207

−0.04175

0.13716

0.959

[0.727, 1.246]

0.761

Selenium (μmol/L)

0.06647

0.17729

1.069

[0.689, 1.420]

0.708

0.06778

0.18363

1.070

[0.685, 1.457]

0.712

Vit E (μmol/L)

−0.00370

0.01981

0.996

[0.957, 1.035]

0.852

−0.00299

0.02107

0.997

[0.955, 1.038]

0.887

Vit C (μmol/L)

−0.00611

0.00966

0.994

[0.972, 1.009]

0.527

−0.00773

0.00995

0.992

[0.970, 1.008]

0.437

Zinc (μmol/L)

0.04600

0.02592

1.047

[0.992, 1.098]

0.076

0.06078

0.02729

1.063

[1.004, 1.118]

0.026

2c: Non-medical patients

Glutamine (μmol/L)

0.00169

0.00074

1.002

[1.000, 1.003]

0.023

0.00067

0.00076

1.001

[0.999, 1.002]

0.377

(epa + dha)/lcf ratio (×10−2)

0.29408

0.14469

1.342

[0.996, 1.757]

0.042

0.03667

0.16425

1.037

[0.740, 1.410]

0.823

Selenium (μmol/L)

0.06196

0.29028

1.064

[0.570, 1.785]

0.831

0.11013

0.27021

1.116

[0.625, 1.816]

0.684

Vit E (μmol/L)

−0.01053

0.02043

0.990

[0.948, 1.027]

0.606

−0.01162

0.02052

0.988

[0.949, 1.028]

0.571

Vit C (μmol/L)

0.02023

0.01849

1.020

[0.982, 1.056]

0.274

0.01667

0.01899

1.017

[0.978, 1.054]

0.380

Zinc (μmol/L)

−0.10003

0.04612

0.905

[0.824, 0.988]

0.030

−0.06168

0.04475

0.940

[0.857, 1.022]

0.168

  1. The multivariate statistical model includes the variables “age group” and “Apache-II score” as covariates. Coef = coefficient. The coefficient is the Cox proportional hazard regression parameter estimate; a positive coefficient indicates a worse prognosis, and a negative coefficient indicates a protective effect of the variable on 6-month mortality. Coefficient values represent changes per unit of nutrient for the different immunonutrients and change per percentage for (epa + dha)/lcf ratio. SE is the parameter estimate standard regression. P values represent Chi-square statistic testing the null hypothesis that the estimate is zero