Table 3 Baseline plasma concentrations of immune-modulating ingredients and changes from baseline on day 4 and 8 in medical and non-medical critically ill patients
From: Glutamine, fish oil and antioxidants in critical illness: MetaPlus trial post hoc safety analysis
Immune-modulating nutrient concentrations | IMHP (n = 54) mean (SD) | HP (n = 55) mean (SD) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
3a: Medical patients (n = 109) | |||
Glutamine (μmol/L) | |||
Baseline (BL) | 393 (155) | 406 (168) | 0.687 |
Day 4—BL | 102 (141) | 36 (141) | 0.017 |
Day 8—BL | 77 (148) | 10 (168) | 0.070 |
(epa + dha)/lcf ratio (×10−2) | |||
Baseline | 2.5 (1.1) | 2.5 (1.1) | 0.948 |
Day 4—BL | 3.3 (2.1) | −0.4 (0.5) | <0.001 |
Day 8—BL | 5.3 (2.2) | −0.7 (0.7) | <0.001 |
Selenium (μmol/L) | |||
Baseline | 0.84 (0.37) | 1.08 (1.00) | 0.113 |
Day 4—BL | 0.16 (0.33) | −0.16 (1.08) | 0.057 |
Day 8—BL | 0.21 (0.43) | −0.08 (1.26) | 0.200 |
Vit E (μmol/L) | |||
Baseline | 20.3 (7.6) | 22.1 (7.2) | 0.208 |
Day 4—BL | 19.5 (13.9) | 2.5 (6.3) | <0.001 |
Day 8—BL | 29.1 (18.8) | 5.7 (8.9) | <0.001 |
Vit C (μmol/L) | |||
Baseline | 11.1 (14.0) | 15.6 (22.0) | 0.245 |
Day 4—BL | 13.6 (17.5) | −4.4 (21.9) | <0.001 |
Day 8—BL | 19.7 (18.5) | −5.6 (26.3) | <0.001 |
Zinc (μmol/L) | |||
Baseline | 8.09 (6.05) | 7.06 (4.05) | 0.321 |
Day 4—BL | 0.73 (4.17) | 1.56 (3.56) | 0.308 |
Day 8—BL | 2.09 (3.90) | 3.66 (4.34) | 0.119 |
Immune-modulating nutrient concentrations | IMHP (n = 98) mean (SD) | HP (n = 94) mean (SD) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
3b Non-medical patients (n = 192) | |||
Glutamine (μmol/L) | |||
Baseline (BL) | 350 (163) | 327 (104) | 0.252 |
Day 4—BL | 55 (180) | 27 (118) | 0.206 |
Day 8—BL | 16 (191) | 30 (137) | 0.586 |
(epa + dha)/lcf ratio (×10−2) | |||
Baseline | 2.5 (1.0) | 2.7 (0.9) | 0.226 |
Day 4—BL | 3.5 (2.2) | −0.2 (0.6) | <0.001 |
Day 8—BL | 5.0 (2.7) | −0.4 (0.6) | <0.001 |
Selenium (μmol/L) | |||
Baseline | 0.99 (0.46) | 0.99 (0.55) | 0.928 |
Day 4—BL | 0.13 (0.59) | 0.03 (0.56) | 0.272 |
Day 8—BL | 0.17 (0.73) | 0.15 (0.68) | 0.900 |
Vit E (μmol/L) | |||
Baseline | 19.6 (6.6) | 20.5 (8.2) | 0.399 |
Day 4—BL | 19.7 (13.9) | 3.3 (5.8) | <0.001 |
Day 8—BL | 26.7 (14.4) | 6.6 (7.5) | <0.001 |
Vit C (μmol/L) | |||
Baseline | 9.7 (8.2) | 9.8 (7.7) | 0.904 |
Day 4—BL | 7.0 (13.2) | −2.1 (6.3) | <0.001 |
Day 8—BL | 11.6 (14.7) | −0.2 (9.3) | <0.001 |
Zinc (μmol/L) | |||
Baseline | 6.18 (3.25) | 6.24 (3.76) | 0.907 |
Day 4—BL | 1.20 (3.13) | 1.36 (3.85) | 0.754 |
Day 8—BL | 3.98 (4.59) | 3.44 (6.39) | 0.538 |