Table 1 Characteristics of 90-day survivors and non-survivors
Survivors (n = 103) | Non-survivors (n = 75) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | 63 (13) | 71 (11) | <0.001 |
Male gender | 82 (80%) | 51 (68%) | 0.08 |
CardShock risk score | 3.4 (1.7) | 5.5 (1.5) | <0.001 |
Medical history | |||
Hypertension | 59 (57%) | 51 (68%) | 0.15 |
Hyperlipidemia | 41 (40%) | 44 (59%) | 0.013 |
Diabetes | 23 (22%) | 30 (40%) | 0.011 |
Smoker | 48 (47%) | 23 (31%) | 0.032 |
Ischemic heart disease | 23 (22%) | 36 (48%) | <0.001 |
Previous infarction | 16 (16%) | 29 (39%) | <0.001 |
Previous CABG | 1 (1%) | 10 (13%) | 0.001 |
Chronic heart failure | 13 (13%) | 16 (21%) | 0.12 |
Stroke or TIA | 8 (8%) | 8 (11%) | 0.5 |
Peripheral artery disease | 6 (6%) | 13 (17%) | 0.014 |
Asthma or COPD | 11 (11%) | 9 (12%) | 0.8 |
Status at inclusion | |||
Altered mental status | 56 (55%) | 61 (81%) | <0.001 |
Systolic BP, mmHg | 80 (70–85) | 75 (66–80) | 0.016 |
Mean BP, mmHg | 58 (53–64) | 53 (47–60) | 0.011 |
Heart rate | 88 (27) | 89 (31) | 0.94 |
LVEF, % | 36 (15) | 29 (12) | <0.001 |
hs-TnT, ng/L | 1366 (183–4191) | 2862 (1124–7842) | 0.008 |
NT-proBNP, ng/L | 2026 (443–7101) | 5174 (1447–16,547) | 0.001 |
eGFR, ml/min/1.72m2 | 71 (29) | 51 (27) | <0.001 |
Post-resuscitation | 20 (19%) | 27 (36%) | 0.013 |
Etiology of cardiogenic shock | |||
Acute coronary syndrome | 77 (75%) | 65 (87%) | 0.051 |
Left main stenosis | 11 (14%) | 15 (25%) | 0.09 |
Three-vessel disease | 17 (22%) | 25 (42%) | 0.008 |
PCI | 66 (88%) | 52 (80%) | 0.2 |
Thrombolysis | 12 (16%) | 5 (8%) | 0.13 |
Myocarditis or Takotsubo | 8 (8%) | 0 (0%) | |
Valvular cause | 6 (6%) | 6 (8%) | 0.6 |
Chronic cardiomyopathy/heart failure | 11 (11%) | 4 (5%) | 0.2 |
In-hospital management | |||
Any inotrope | 74 (76%) | 54 (81%) | 0.5 |
Any vasopressor | 75 (76%) | 64 (94%) | 0.002 |
Invasive ventilation | 54 (52%) | 56 (75%) | 0.003 |
IABP treatment | 51 (50%) | 45 (60%) | 0.17 |
ECMO | 2 (2%) | 1 (1%) | 0.8 |
LVAD | 1 (1%) | 4 (6%) | 0.08 |