|
Common risk factors
a
identified in 2579 ARDS patients
b
| |
|
Pneumonia
|
1683 (65.2)
|
|
Non-pulmonary sepsis
|
455 (17.6)
|
|
Aspiration of gastric contents
|
402 (15.6)
|
|
Non-cardiogenic shock
|
214 (8.3)
|
|
Major trauma
|
112 (4.3)
|
|
Blood transfusion
|
111 (4.3)
|
|
Pulmonary contusion
|
87 (3.4)
|
|
Inhalational injury
|
70 (2.7)
|
|
Pancreatitis
|
59 (2.3)
|
|
Drug overdose
|
51 (2.0)
|
|
Pulmonary vasculitisc
|
38 (1.5)
|
|
Burn
|
8 (0.3)
|
|
Drowning
|
2 (0.1)
|
|
Othersd
|
74 (2.9)
|
|
Etiologies for ARDS in 234 patients having no common risk factor identified
| |
|
Interstitial lung disease
|
9 (3.8)e
|
|
Drug-induced ARDS
|
8 (3.4)f
|
|
Massive hemoptysis
|
8 (3.4)
|
|
Pulmonary embolism
|
3 (3.4)
|
|
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage
|
3 (3.4)
|
|
Alveolar proteinosis
|
3 (3.4)
|
|
Miscellaneous
|
11 (4.7)g
|
|
No etiology identified
|
189 (80.8)
|
- Variables are shown as n (%)
- ARDS: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
-
aAs listed in the Berlin definition of ARDS [1]
-
bSome patients had several risk factors
-
c Including 24 patients who had both one or more common risk factors for ARDS and pulmonary vasculitis
-
dIncludes conditions likely to be associated with common risk factors (e.g., major surgery (n = 23), coma/neurological disorders (n = 16), cardiogenic shock or cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (n = 9), cardiac arrest (n = 8), and others (n = 18))
-
eWith no specific diagnosis
-
fIncluding amiodarone (n = 4), bicalutamide (n = 1), warfarin (n = 1), chemotherapy agent (n = 1), not specified (n = 1)
-
gIncluding lung tumoral infiltration (n = 2), acute interstitial pneumonia (n = 1), Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytic syndrome (n = 1), lymphoproliferative disease with lung involvement (n = 1), graft versus host disease (n = 1), primary graft dysfunction (n = 1), gas embolism (n = 1), ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (n = 1), Castleman’s disease (n = 1)
