Table 1 Main characteristics (at time of inclusion) and outcomes of the patients with ARDS
From: Endocan as an early biomarker of severity in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
|
Total n = 96 |
Survivors n = 64 |
Non-survivors n = 32 | p |
Good evolution n = 54 |
Poor evolution n = 42 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 61 ± 17 | 59 ± 18 | 66 ± 15 | 0.045 | 59 ± 18 | 64 ± 15 | 0.219 |
| Male n (%) | 64 (67) | 44 (69) | 20 (63) | 0.647 | 39 (72) | 25 (60) | 0.275 |
| Trauma n (%) | 8 (8) | 7 (11) | 1 (3) | 0.262 | 5 (9) | 3 (7) | 1.000 |
| Primary ARDS n (%) | 45 (47) | 31 (48) | 14 (44) | 0.828 | 25 (46) | 20 (48) | 1.000 |
| Sepsis n (%) | 64 (67) | 39 (61) | 25 (78) | 0.111 | 33 (61) | 31 (74) | 0.275 |
| Chronic lung disease n (%) | 16 (17) | 7 (11) | 9 (28) | 0.044 | 6 (11) | 10 (24) | 0.166 |
| Chronic kidney disease n (%) | 15 (16) | 9 (14) | 6 (19) | 0.767 | 7 (13) | 8 (19) | 0.572 |
| Active cancer n (%) | 4 (4) | 4 (6) | 0 (0) | 0.298 | 3 (6) | 1 (2) | 0.629 |
| APACHE II score | 21 (17–27) | 20 (15–24) | 27 (22–30) | <0.001 | 20 (15–22) | 27 (22–31) | <0.001 |
| SOFA score | 9 (6–12) | 8 (5–11) | 9 (7–13) | 0.070 | 8 (4–10) | 10 (7–13) | 0.004 |
| Respiratory rate (bpm) | 24 ± 7 | 24 ± 7 | 23 ± 6 | 0.773 | 24 ± 7 | 24 ± 6 | 0.992 |
| FiO2 (%) | 50 (40–60) | 50 (50–60) | 50 (40–61) | 0.913 | 50 (50–60) | 50 (40–60) | 0.794 |
| PEEP (cmH20) | 8 (5–8) | 8 (5–8) | 6 (5–10) | 0.264 | 8 (5–8) | 6 (5–10) | 0.574 |
| Arterial pH | 7.38 ± 0.09 | 7.40 ± 0.08 | 7.33 ± 0.10 | 0.002 | 7.40 ± 0.07 | 7.35 ± 0.11 | 0.009 |
| PaO2 (mmHg) | 79 (67–98) | 79 (65–97) | 79 (68–107) | 0.724 | 80 (65–98) | 77 (68–97) | 0.631 |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | 38 (35–44) | 39 (36–44) | 38 (32–45) | 0.508 | 40 (36–45) | 38 (34–44) | 0.252 |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio | 155 (113–206) | 158 (110–206) | 150 (116–207) | 0.946 | 164 (108–214) | 143 (115–198) | 0.413 |
| ARDS | 0.870 | 0.600 | |||||
| Severe ARDS n (%) | 15 (16) | 11 (17) | 4 (12) | 9 (17) | 6 (14) | ||
| Moderate ARDS n (%) | 56 (58) | 36 (56) | 20 (63) | 29 (54) | 27 (64) | ||
| Mild ARDS n (%) | 25 (26) | 17 (27) | 8 (25) | 16 (29) | 9 (22) | ||
| MAP (mmHg) | 81 ± 13 | 80 ± 13 | 83 ± 13 | 0.379 | 81 ± 13 | 82 ± 14 | 0.645 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 94 ± 21 | 95 ± 21 | 92 ± 21 | 0.456 | 93 ± 21 | 96 ± 21 | 0.520 |
| CVP (mmHg) | 10 (8–13) | 10 (8–14) | 10 (8–12) | 0.678 | 10 (8–13) | 10 (9–13) | 0.683 |
| Norepinephrine, n (%) | 51 (53) | 35 (55) | 16 (50) | 0.828 | 28 (52) | 23 (55) | 0.838 |
| Norepinephrine (mcg/Kg/min) | 0.02 (0.00–0.22) | 0.02 (0.00–0.17) | 0.02 (0.00–0.35) | 0.676 | 0.01 (0.00–0.18) | 0.07 (0.00–0.30) | 0.391 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.7 (1.1–3.0) | 1.5 (0.9–2.6) | 2.1 (1.3–4.0) | 0.024 | 1.3 (0.9–2.7) | 2.1 (1.2–3.3) | 0.028 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) | 0.213 | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 1.2 (0.7–1.7) | 0.070 |
| Renal failure n (%) | 40 (42) | 23 (37) | 17 (53) | 0.131 | 16 (30) | 24 (57) | 0.012 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.7 (0.5–1.7) | 0.6 (0.5–1.4) | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 0.037 | 0.6 (0.5–1.0) | 1.1 (0.5–1.9) | 0.096 |
| Platelets (x103/µL) | 168 (105–225) | 182 (107–280) | 136 (80–179) | 0.011 | 183 (107–280) | 136 (93–183) | 0.040 |
| Leukocytes (cells x103/µL) | 12.0 (8.5–15.4) | 11.2 (7.7–15.3) | 12.5 (8.9–16.1) | 0.455 | 11.2 (8.2–15.2) | 12.4 (8.7–15.5) | 0.624 |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation (days) | 4.5 (2.4–8.2) | 4.3 (2.5–7.2) | 5.6 (2.2–8.6) | 0.756 | 3.6 (1.8–6.2) | 7.2 (2.7–16.9) | <0.001 |
| ICU length of stay (days) | 6.4 (4.4–11.0) | 7.1 (4.6–12.4) | 6.0 (2.6–9.6) | 0.140 | 6.0 (4.4–8.9) | 8.3 (4.1–17.4) | 0.109 |
