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Annals of Intensive Care

Table 3 Univariate analysis of patient characteristics according to the occurrence of thromboembolic events

From: High level of venous thromboembolism in critically ill trauma patients despite early and well-driven thromboprophylaxis protocol

Variables TEE+ (n = 47) TEE− (n = 106) p
Demographic characteristics    
 Age (years) 46.8 ± 18.4 43.6 ± 19.8 0.3505
 Sex (male) 80.9% (38) 67.9% (72) 0.6140
 BMI (kg/m2) 26.6 ± 7.1 25.9 ± 6.2 0.5571
 History of cancer 0% (0) 6 (5.7%) 0.2253
 History of DVT 0% (0) 0% (0) –
Injuries grading    
 Initial GCS ≤ 8 29.8% (14) 17.9% (19) 0.1519
 AIS thorax > 2 46.8% (22) 36.8% (39) 0.3230
 AIS head > 2 40.4% (19) 43.4% (46) 0.8684
 AIS abdomen > 2 27.6% (13) 17.9% (19) 0.2500
 Pelvic fracture 29.8% (14) 12.3% (13) 0.0167
 Lower limbs fracture 25.5% (12) 28.3% (30) 0.8746
 Medullar injury 25.53% (12) 9.43% (10) 0.0179
 Spine fracture 42.6% (20) 24.5% (26) 0.0402
Scores    
 SAPS II 44.9 [38.7; 50.7] 30.4 [27.4; 34.1] 0.0001
 ISS 28.9 [20; 34] 21.4 [13; 29] 0.0006
 SOFA 24 h 8.3 [5; 11] 5.6 [1; 9.5] 0.0007
 RAP score > 5 95.7% (45) 83% (88) 0.0582
 RAP score > 10 70.2% (33) 39.6% (42) 0.0009
Clinical status    
 SAP min (mmHg) 99 ± 28 111 ± 25 0.0083
 Vasopressors 31.9% (15) 18.1% (19) 0.0594
 Surgery > 2 h 46.8% (22) 30.2% (32) 0.0782
Central venous catheter 95.7% (45) 74.5% (79) 0.0041
Initial transfusion treatment (day 1)    
 Transfusion > 4 RBC in 6 h 29.8% (14) 13.2% (14) 0.0264
 Tranexamic acid 36.2% (17) 17.9% (19) 0.0246
 Fibrinogen 31.9% (15) 13.2% (14) 0.0124
Thromboprophylactic procedure    
 Compression stockings (absent) 8.5% (4) 9.5% (10) 0.9769
 Pneumatic intermittent compression (no) 14.9% (7) 18.1% (19) 0.8877
 Time before initiation of antithrombotic chemoprophylaxis 2 [1; 2] 1 [1; 2] 0.4533
Outcome    
 ICU length of stay 18 [7; 32] 5.5 [3; 11] <0.0001
 Hospital length of stay 28 [15; 43] 17 [11; 28] 0.0027
 Mortality 10.6% (5) 10.4% (11) 0.5976
Binarized characteristics    
 ISS ≥ 16 87.2% (41) 69.6% (73) 0.0333
 SAPS II ≥ 30 76.6% (36) 47.6% (49) 0.0016
 SOFA 24 ≥ 5 80.9% (38) 50.9% (54) 0.0009
 BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 23.9% (11) 24.7% (21) 1
 Age ≥ 50 years 40.4% (19) 34.6% (36) 0.614
 SAP min ≤ 80 mmHg 26.1 (12) 7.8% (8) 0.0061
 GCS ≤ 8 25.5% (12) 18.9% (20) 0.4718
  1. Continuous data are expressed as mean ± SD or median [quartile 1; 3] according to their distribution. Categorical data are expressed as percentage (n)
  2. SAPS II Simplified Acute Physiology Score, SOFA à 24 h Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, AIS Abbreviated Injury Score, ISS Injury Severity Score, RAP Risk Assessment Profile, DVT deep venous thrombosis, BMI body mass index, GCS Glasgow Coma Score, RBC red blood cells, systolic arterial pressure minimal systolic arterial pressure recorded during transport, ICU intensive care unit
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