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Table 3 Factors associated with in-hospital mortality in patients without ARDS receiving mechanical ventilation

From: Potentially modifiable respiratory variables contributing to outcome in ICU patients without ARDS: a secondary analysis of PRoVENT

 

Odds ratio (95% CI)

p value

Clinical characteristics and comorbidities

  

Age

1.03 (1.01–1.04)

0.001

Functional status

  

 Independent

1 (Reference)

 

 Partially dependent

2.18 (1.31–3.63)

0.003

 Totally dependent

2.04 (0.83–5.03)

0.120

Hypertension

1.00 (0.63–1.59)

0.984

Heart failure

0.96 (0.57–1.63)

0.888

Chronic kidney disease

1.04 (0.56–1.91)

0.904

COPD

1.67 (0.93–3.00)

0.086

Immunosuppression

4.21 (2.12–8.36)

< 0.001

Severity of illness

  

Non-pulmonary SOFA

1.14 (1.07–1.22)

< 0.001

LIPS

1.10 (1.02–1.20)

0.019

Management

  

Use of NIV before intubation

1.09 (0.52–2.29)

0.824

Maximum airway pressure (cm H2O)

1.05 (1.01–1.10)

0.020

PEEP (cm H2O)

0.93 (0.83–1.04)

0.200

FiO2

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

0.817

Laboratory parameters

  

PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg)

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

0.247

PaCO2 (mmHg)

0.99 (0.98–1.01)

0.886

Acidosis

  

 No

1 (Reference)

 

 Respiratory

1.35 (0.66–2.79)

0.412

 Metabolic/Mixed

1.26 (0.76–2.10)

0.369

Vital signs

  

SpO2 (%)

0.95 (0.91–0.99)

0.027

Heart rate (bpm)

1.01 (1.00–1.02)

0.020

Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

0.99 (0.98–1.00)

0.153

  1. Mortality is defined as mortality at hospital discharge or at 90 days after start of invasive mechanical ventilatory support while still in hospital, whichever occurred first
  2. All parameters were measured in the first day of ventilation
  3. VD/VT was not included in the multivariable model because there were many missing values (68.8%)
  4. Static compliance corrected by the PBW was not included in the model due to many missing values (64.8%) and to multicollinearity with Pmax (r = − 0.351; p < 0.001)
  5. Driving pressure was excluded due to the multicollinearity with Pmax
  6. CI confidence interval, NIV noninvasive ventilation, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure, FiO 2 inspired fraction of oxygen, SpO 2 oxygen saturation, BPM beats per minute, PaO 2 partial pressure of oxygen, PaCO 2 partial pressure of carbon dioxide, LIPS Lung Injury Prediction Score