Table 2 Acid–base parameters of critically ill patients with and without liver disease
Parameter | Propensity score-matched controls (n = 178) | Cirrhosis (n = 178) | Overall p value (Kruskal–Wallis) | Significant differences pairwise (Dunn’s post hoc) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No ACLF (n = 21) | ACLF (n = 157) | ||||
pH | 7.36 (7.27 to 7.43) | 7.44 (7.37 to 7.47) | 7.35 (7.23 to 7.45) | < 0.01 | No ACLF versus ACLF p < 0.01, matched controls versus no ACLF p < 0.01 |
PaCO2, mmHg | 40.0 (33.1 to 49.0) | 38.1 (30.0 to 44.2) | 35.0 (28.5 to 44.6) | < 0.01 | Matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
HCO3− | 22.0 (19.0 to 25.3) | 22.7 (20.3 to 24.0) | 18.9 (14.7 to 24.0) | < 0.01 | No ACLF versus ACLF p < 0.01, matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
BE | − 3.5 (− 7.4 to 0.8) | − 1.2 (− 3.9 to 1.7) | − 7.0 (− 12.6 to − 0.5) | < 0.01 | No ACLF versus ACLF p < 0.01, matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
BENa | − 0.3 (− 1.5 to 0.9) | − 0.9 (− 1.8 to 0.3) | − 1.2 (− 3.0 to 0.3) | < 0.01 | Matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
BECl | − 5.7 (− 8.3 to − 2.7) | − 5.2 (− 8.5 to − 1.4) | − 4.5 (− 7.3 to 0.7) | 0.062 | |
BEAlb | 4.2 (2.9 to 5.3) | 5.2 (3.9 to 6.3) | 4.9 (3.8 to 6.2) | < 0.01 | Matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
BElactate | − 0.6 (− 1.9 to − 0.2) | − 0.9 (− 1.9 to − 0.4) | − 2.7 (− 6.0 to − 0.9) | < 0.01 | No ACLF versus ACLF p < 0.01, matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
BEUMA | − 0.3 (− 3.7 to 2.7) | 1.5 (− 0.7 to 4.3) | − 1.8 (− 6.1 to 1.9) | < 0.01 | No ACLF versus ACLF p < 0.01, matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
SIDe, mEq/l | 33 (30 to 37) | 32 (30 to 37) | 29 (25 to 34) | < 0.01 | No ACLF versus ACLF p < 0.05, matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
SIDa, mEq/l | 41 (37 to 43) | 40 (36 to 44) | 39 (35 to 42) | < 0.01 | Matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
SIG, mEq/l | 7 (4 to 10) | 7 (5 to 8) | 8 (6 to 11) | < 0.01 | No ACLF versus ACLF p < 0.05, matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
Na | 138 (134 to 142) | 136 (133 to 140) | 135 (129 to 140) | < 0.01 | Matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
Cl | 106 (102 to 109) | 105 (99 to 108) | 102 (96 to 108) | < 0.01 | Matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
ClNa corrected | 107 (104 to 109) | 106 (102 to 110) | 106 (100 to 108) | 0.075 | |
Ca total | 2.1 (2.0 to 2.2) | 2.0 (1.9 to 2.1) | 2.0 (1.9 to 2.2) | 0.191 | |
Ca ionized | 1.1 (1.1 to 1.2) | 1.2 (1.1 to 1.2) | 1.1 (1.0 to 1.2) | < 0.01 | No ACLF versus ACLF p < 0.05, matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
Mg | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.0) | 0.7 (0.7 to 0.9) | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.0) | < 0.05 | No ACLF versus ACLF p < 0.05 |
Albumin, g/l | 28.5 (24.3 to 33.8) | 25.8 (21.8 to 30.5) | 25.6 (21.1 to 30.3) | < 0.01 | Matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |
Lactate | 1.4 (1.0 to 2.7) | 1.7 (1.2 to 2.7) | 3.5 (1.7 to 6.8) | < 0.01 | No ACLF versus ACLF p < 0.01, matched controls versus ACLF p < 0.01 |