Table 2 ECMO details and outcomes
Variable | With vascular complications (n = 72) n (%) | Without vascular complications (n = 360) n (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
ECMO implantation | |||
Failure to wean off CPB | 40 (55.6%) | 198 (55.0%) | 0.932 |
LCOS in ICU | 32 (44.4%) | 162 (45.0%) | 0.932 |
Inotrope scores | 52.5 ± 11.2 | 38.3 ± 12.9 | 0.008 |
Lactate at ECMO initiation (mmol/L) | 11.0 (7.8, 14.3) | 9.5 (6.9, 12.8) | 0.035 |
Peak lactate during ECMO (mmol/L) | 16.2 (13.6, 20.8) | 15.2 (11.5, 18.5) | 0.004 |
SOFA score at ECMO initiation | 13.0 (12.0, 13.0) | 12.0 (11.0, 13.0) | < 0.001 |
SOFA score at 24 h post-ECMO | 11.0 (10.0, 11.0) | 9.0 (7.0, 11.0) | < 0.001 |
Arterial cannula size, Fr | 16.5 ± 0.6 | 16.1 ± 0.7 | 0.467 |
Ongoing CPR | 13 (18.1%) | 56 (15.6%) | 0.597 |
IABP support | 45 (62.5%) | 200 (55.6%) | 0.280 |
ECMO outcomes | |||
Weaning from ECMO | 24 (33.3%) | 228 (63.3%) | < 0.001 |
Survival to discharge | 12 (16.7%) | 141 (39.2%) | < 0.001 |
Duration of ECMO (days) | 2.9 (1.6, 5.4) | 3.8 (2.2, 5.5) | 0.204 |
Complications | |||
Renal failure required CRRT | 38 (52.1%) | 171 (47.6%) | 0.490 |
Neurologic complications | 11 (15.3%) | 56 (15.6%) | 0.953 |
DIC | 3 (4.2%) | 6 (1.7%) | 0.177 |
Severe bleeding | 16 (22.2%) | 47 (13.1%) | 0.044 |
Tracheostomy | 27 (37.5%) | 140 (39.0%) | 0.812 |
Repeat thoracotomy | 37 (51.4%) | 132 (36.7%) | 0.019 |
Femoral site infection | 6 (8.3%) | 25 (7.0%) | 0.681 |
Sepsis | 13 (18.1%) | 84 (23.3%) | 0.335 |
Medical resources | |||
PRBC transfusion (units) | 28.0 (19.3, 35.8) | 22.0 (14.0, 32.0) | 0.002 |
FFP | 2400 (1600, 3600) | 2000 (1400, 3000) | 0.076 |
Platelets | 3.0 (1.0, 5.0) | 3.0 (1.0, 5.0) | 0.578 |
Duration of MV | 94.5 (38.8, 191.3) | 120.0 (51.0, 210.0) | 0.018 |
ICU stay (days) | 107.0 (44.8, 237.4) | 168.0 (95.0, 255.8) | 0.007 |
Post-ECMO hospital stay (days) | 0 (0, 7.8) | 7 (0, 15.8) | < 0.001 |
Hospital stay (days) | 17.0 (11.0, 25.8) | 23.0 (16.0, 34.8) | 0.001 |