Skip to main content

Table 1 General characteristics for patients with significant hemorrhage and controls

From: How useful are hemoglobin concentration and its variations to predict significant hemorrhage in the early phase of trauma? A multicentric cohort study

 

SH

n = 755

CL

n = 5647

p value

Age (years)

38 [25–55]

33[24–47]

< 0.001

Male gender (n, %)

538 (71)

4490 (80)

< 0.001

BMI (kg cm−2)

24 [22–27]

24 [22–27]

NS

ISS

33 [20–43]

11 [5–20]

< 0.001

Blunt (n,  %)

656 (87)

5020 (89)

NS

Time from the emergency call to the EMS arrival on trauma scene (min)

10 [6–14]

10 [6–15]

NS

Minimal systolic BPprehosp (mm Hg)

80 [60–99]

118 [102–130]

< 0.001

Maximal HRprehosp (bpm)

106 [80–126]

90 [80–106]

0.056

Shock indexprehosp

1.2 [0.8–1.5]

0.8 [0.6–0.95]

< 0.001

FVprehosp total (ml)

1500 [1000–2000]

500 [500–1000]

< 0.001

 FVprehosp crystalloids (ml)

1000 [500–1500]

500 [500–1000]

< 0.001

 FVprehosp colloids (ml)

0 [0–500]

0 [0–0]

< 0.001

Prehospital care time (min)

80 [60–104]

71 [53–97]

< 0.001

HR at admission (bpm)

102 [80–120]

86 [74–100]

< 0.001

Systolic BP at admission (mm Hg)

96 [74–117]

129 [114–143]

< 0.001

Diastolic BP at admission (mm Hg)

76 [66–87]

56 [42–72]

< 0.001

Shock indexhosp

1 [0.75–1.4]

0.7 [0.6–0.8]

< 0.001

Lactatehosp (mmol liter−1)

4.3 [3–8]

2.8 [1–3]

< 0.001

Platelets (103 mm −3)

171 [117–221]

225 [189–264]

< 0.001

Prothrombin time (quick  %)

48 [32–63]

84 [73–93]

< 0.001

Fibrinogen (g liter−1)

1.3 [0.9–1.8]

2.4 [2–2.8]

< 0.001

Transfusion requirement

RBCs (U) at H1

3 [1–4]

0 [0–0]

< 0.001

FFP (U) at H1

0 [0–3]

0 [0–0]

< 0.001

PLT (PC) at H1

0 [0–0]

0 [0–0]

< 0.001

RBCs (U) at H6

6 [4–8]

0 [0–0]

< 0.001

FFP (U) at H6

4 [3–7]

0 [0–0]

< 0.001

PLT (PC) at H6

0 [0–1]

0 [0–0]

< 0.001

RBCs (U) at H24

7 [4–10]

0 [0–0]

< 0.001

FFP (U) at H24

6 [3–9]

0 [0–0]

< 0.001

PLT (PC) at H24

1 [0–1]

0 [0–0]

< 0.001

IGS II score

52 [37–72]

16 [9–29]

< 0.001

ICU mortality (n, %)

275 (37)

364 (7)

< 0.001

  1. BMI body mass index, BP arterial blood pressure, CL control, EMS emergency medical service, FFP fresh frozen plasma, FVprehosp prehospital fluid volume, H1 one hour after hospital admission, H6 six hour after trauma, H24 twenty-four hour after trauma, HR heart rate, ISS injury severity score, lactatehosp serum lactate at the admission to hospital, NS nonsignificant, PC platelet concentrates, RBCs red blood cells, SH significant hemorrhage, shock indexprehosp maximal HRprehosp/minimal systolic arterial BPprehosp, shock indexhosp HR at admission/systolic arterial BP at admission, U units