Hyperoxia toxicity in septic shock patients according to the Sepsis-3 criteria: a post hoc analysis of the HYPER2S trial

Julien Demiselle; Martin Wepler; Clair Hartmann; Peter Radermacher; Frédérique Schortgen; Ferhat Meziani; Mervyn Singer; Valérie Seegers; Pierre Asfar

doi:10.1186/s13613-018-0435-1

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients according to lactate level (≤ 2 or > 2 mmol/L)

From: Hyperoxia toxicity in septic shock patients according to the Sepsis-3 criteria: a post hoc analysis of the HYPER2S trial

	Lactate ≤ 2 mmol/L (n = 167)			Lactate > 2 mmol/L (n = 230)
	Normoxia (n = 75)	Hyperoxia (n = 92)	p	Normoxia (n = 122)	Hyperoxia (n = 108)	p
Age (years)
Mean (SD)	66 (13)	66 (12)	0.877	67 (14)	69 (13)	0.360
Median (IQR)	68 (56.5–76)	67 (59.5–74.25)	0.842	68.5 (60.25–78.75)	71 (61–79.25)	0.501
Men, n (%)	48 (64.0%)	72 (78.3%)	0.041	80 (65.6%)	57 (52.8%)	0.048
Weight (kg)
Mean (SD)	69.6 (16.4)	72 (17.1)	0.351	75.4 (15.5)	72.1 (16.5)	0.120
Median (IQR)	66 (59.5–74.5)	70.5 (60–80.8)	0.208	76 (65–81.8)	70 (60–80)	0.047
SAPS III
Mean (SD)	69.6 (10)	68.9 (9.4)	0.666	74.4 (11.5)	74 (12)	0.797
Median (IQR)	68 (63.8–75.2)	70 (62.5–75)	0.921	73 (66.2–80.8)	71 (67–82)	0.614
SOFA
Mean (SD)	9.5 (2.5)	9.6 (2.4)	0.851	10.6 (2.9)	10.6 (2.8)	0.987
Median (IQR)	9 (8–11)	9 (8–11)	0.782	11 (8–12)	11 (8–12)	0.850
Mc Cabe Score
1	45 (60.0%)	62 (67.4%)	0.308	79 (64.8%)	70 (64.8%)	0.927
2	24 (32.0%)	20 (21.7%)		30 (24.6%)	28 (25.9%)
3	6 (8.0%)	10 (10.9%)		13 (10.7%)	10 (9.3%)
Recent surgical history, n (%)
No	57 (76.0%)	75 (81.5%)	0.422	82 (67.2%)	67 (62.0%)	0.661
Elective	7 (9.3%)	4 (4.3%)		5(4.1%)	4 (3.7%)
Emergency	11 (14.7%)	13 (14.1%)		35 (28.7%)	37 (34.3%)
Preexisting disorders, n (%)
Immunosuppression	14 (18.7%)	14 (15.2%)	0.553	28 (23.0%)	20 (18.5%)	0.409
Cancer	26 (34.7%)	24 (26.1%)	0.228	36 (29.8%)	35 (32.4%)	0.664
Heart failure	5 (9.3%)	7 (7.6%)	0.815	8 (6.6%)	4 (3.7%)	0.491
Chronic kidney failure	6 (8.0%)	7 (7.6%)	0.925	15 (12.4%)	12 (11.1%)	0.763
COPD	19 (25.3%)	17 (18.5%)	0.284	11 (9.1%)	16 (14.8%)	0.180
Coronary artery disease	10 (13.3%)	15 (16.3%)	0.592	12 (10.0%)	9 (8.3%)	0.678
Cirrhosis	0 (0%)	2 (2.2%)	0.502^F	11 (9.1%)	5 (4.6%)	0.186
Source of infection, n (%)
Lung	44 (58.7%)	57 (62.0%)	0.866	39 (26.2%)	37 (34.3%)	0.739
Abdomen	10 (13.3%)	15 (16.3%)		39 (32.0%)	35 (32.4%)
Urinary tract	6 (8.0%)	6 (6.5%)		8 (6.6%)	10 (9.3%)
Other community acquired infection	15 (20.0%)	14 (15.2%)		36 (29.5%)	26 (24.1%)
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)
Mean (SD)	75 (12)	75 (12)	0.949	72 (16)	72 (16)	0.872
Median (IQR)	74 (67–80)	73.5 (67–81)	0.810	71 (64–83)	70 (61.5–81)	0.761
Heart rate (beats per min)
Mean (SD)	96 (24)	99 (25)	0.411	108 (25)	107 (22)	0.669
Median (IQR)	94 (82–109)	96 (82–110.5)	0.578	110 (91–124)	105 (93–123)	0.688
Arterial pH
Mean (SD)	7.33 (0.11)	7.32 (0.09)	0.766	7.25 (0.12)	7.26 (0.11)	0.222
Median (IQR)	7.33 (7.26–7.40)	7.32 (7.26–7.37)	0.716	7.27 (7.18–7.32)	7.28 (7.20–7.33)	0.177
Lactate (mmol/L)
Mean (SD)	1.4 (0.4)	1.4 (0.4)	0.774	5.2 (3.6)	4.8 (3.8)	0.467
Median (IQR)	1.4 (1.0–1.7)	1.5 (1.0–1.7)	0.736	3.7 (2.8–6.5)	3.4 (2.7–5.2)	0.231
Crystalloid fluid treatment before inclusion (mL)
Mean (SD)	2883 (1397)	2631 (1298)	0.234	2876 (1392)	3003 (1522)	0.511
Median (IQR)	2500 (2000–3500)	2250 (2000–3000)	0.147	2500 (2000–3500)	2500 (2000–3625)	0.684
Serum sodium (mmol/L)
Mean (SD)	138 (5)	138 (3)	0.652	139 (6)	139 (4)	0.611
Median (IQR)	138 (134–142)	139 (136–141)	0.431	139 (136–142)	139 (136–142)	0.545
Serum chloride (mmol/L)
Mean (SD)	107 (6)	106 (6)	0.471	106 (7)	106 (6)	0.645
Median (IQR)	106 (103–111)	105.5 (103–109)	0.448	105 (102–109)	105 (102–111)	0.355
Dose of norepinephrine (µg/kg/min)
Mean (SD)	0.44 (0.38)	0.56 (0.65)	0.137	0.79 (0.82)	0.75 (0.74)	0.701
Median (IQR)	0.31 (0.2–0.5)	0.35 (0.2–0.65)	0.367	0.55 (0.27–1.04)	0.50 (0.30–0.88)	0.930
PaO₂/F_iO₂ ratio (mmHg)
Mean (SD)	227 (102)	191 (73)	0.012	231 (108)	232 (110)	0.934
Median (IQR)	207 (143–265)	175 (131–235)	0.023	198 (143–301)	202 (149–293)	0.876
Patients with PaO₂ > 120 mmHg, n (%)	37 (49.3%)	37 (40.2%)	0.238	72 (59.0%)	61 (56.5%)	0.698
ARDS with PaO₂/F_iO₂ ratio < 200 mmHg, n (%)	36 (48.0%)	56 (64.1%)	0.096	61 (50.0%)	52 (48.1%)	0.779

The Chi-square or Fisher test was used for qualitative data. The quantitative data were compared by t test for the mean comparison, Mann–Whitney test for median comparisons. p values are reported without correction of the α risk despite multiple comparisons, p values are presented for the comparison between “normoxia” and “hyperoxia” treatment in the lactate ≤ 2 mmol/L and lactate > 2 mmol/L groups, respectively. F Fisher, IQR interquartile range, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SAPS simplified acute physiological score, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment

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