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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients according to lactate level (≤ 2 or > 2 mmol/L)

From: Hyperoxia toxicity in septic shock patients according to the Sepsis-3 criteria: a post hoc analysis of the HYPER2S trial

 

Lactate ≤ 2 mmol/L (n = 167)

Lactate > 2 mmol/L (n = 230)

Normoxia (n = 75)

Hyperoxia (n = 92)

p

Normoxia (n = 122)

Hyperoxia (n = 108)

p

Age (years)

  Mean (SD)

66 (13)

66 (12)

0.877

67 (14)

69 (13)

0.360

  Median (IQR)

68 (56.5–76)

67 (59.5–74.25)

0.842

68.5 (60.25–78.75)

71 (61–79.25)

0.501

Men, n (%)

48 (64.0%)

72 (78.3%)

0.041

80 (65.6%)

57 (52.8%)

0.048

Weight (kg)

  Mean (SD)

69.6 (16.4)

72 (17.1)

0.351

75.4 (15.5)

72.1 (16.5)

0.120

  Median (IQR)

66 (59.5–74.5)

70.5 (60–80.8)

0.208

76 (65–81.8)

70 (60–80)

0.047

SAPS III

  Mean (SD)

69.6 (10)

68.9 (9.4)

0.666

74.4 (11.5)

74 (12)

0.797

  Median (IQR)

68 (63.8–75.2)

70 (62.5–75)

0.921

73 (66.2–80.8)

71 (67–82)

0.614

SOFA

  Mean (SD)

9.5 (2.5)

9.6 (2.4)

0.851

10.6 (2.9)

10.6 (2.8)

0.987

  Median (IQR)

9 (8–11)

9 (8–11)

0.782

11 (8–12)

11 (8–12)

0.850

Mc Cabe Score

  1

45 (60.0%)

62 (67.4%)

0.308

79 (64.8%)

70 (64.8%)

0.927

  2

24 (32.0%)

20 (21.7%)

30 (24.6%)

28 (25.9%)

  3

6 (8.0%)

10 (10.9%)

13 (10.7%)

10 (9.3%)

Recent surgical history, n (%)

  No

57 (76.0%)

75 (81.5%)

0.422

82 (67.2%)

67 (62.0%)

0.661

  Elective

7 (9.3%)

4 (4.3%)

5(4.1%)

4 (3.7%)

  Emergency

11 (14.7%)

13 (14.1%)

35 (28.7%)

37 (34.3%)

Preexisting disorders, n (%)

  Immunosuppression

14 (18.7%)

14 (15.2%)

0.553

28 (23.0%)

20 (18.5%)

0.409

  Cancer

26 (34.7%)

24 (26.1%)

0.228

36 (29.8%)

35 (32.4%)

0.664

  Heart failure

5 (9.3%)

7 (7.6%)

0.815

8 (6.6%)

4 (3.7%)

0.491

  Chronic kidney failure

6 (8.0%)

7 (7.6%)

0.925

15 (12.4%)

12 (11.1%)

0.763

  COPD

19 (25.3%)

17 (18.5%)

0.284

11 (9.1%)

16 (14.8%)

0.180

  Coronary artery disease

10 (13.3%)

15 (16.3%)

0.592

12 (10.0%)

9 (8.3%)

0.678

  Cirrhosis

0 (0%)

2 (2.2%)

0.502F

11 (9.1%)

5 (4.6%)

0.186

Source of infection, n (%)

  Lung

44 (58.7%)

57 (62.0%)

0.866

39 (26.2%)

37 (34.3%)

0.739

  Abdomen

10 (13.3%)

15 (16.3%)

39 (32.0%)

35 (32.4%)

  Urinary tract

6 (8.0%)

6 (6.5%)

8 (6.6%)

10 (9.3%)

  Other community acquired infection

15 (20.0%)

14 (15.2%)

36 (29.5%)

26 (24.1%)

Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

  Mean (SD)

75 (12)

75 (12)

0.949

72 (16)

72 (16)

0.872

  Median (IQR)

74 (67–80)

73.5 (67–81)

0.810

71 (64–83)

70 (61.5–81)

0.761

Heart rate (beats per min)

  Mean (SD)

96 (24)

99 (25)

0.411

108 (25)

107 (22)

0.669

  Median (IQR)

94 (82–109)

96 (82–110.5)

0.578

110 (91–124)

105 (93–123)

0.688

Arterial pH

  Mean (SD)

7.33 (0.11)

7.32 (0.09)

0.766

7.25 (0.12)

7.26 (0.11)

0.222

  Median (IQR)

7.33 (7.26–7.40)

7.32 (7.26–7.37)

0.716

7.27 (7.18–7.32)

7.28 (7.20–7.33)

0.177

Lactate (mmol/L)

  Mean (SD)

1.4 (0.4)

1.4 (0.4)

0.774

5.2 (3.6)

4.8 (3.8)

0.467

  Median (IQR)

1.4 (1.0–1.7)

1.5 (1.0–1.7)

0.736

3.7 (2.8–6.5)

3.4 (2.7–5.2)

0.231

Crystalloid fluid treatment before inclusion (mL)

  Mean (SD)

2883 (1397)

2631 (1298)

0.234

2876 (1392)

3003 (1522)

0.511

  Median (IQR)

2500 (2000–3500)

2250 (2000–3000)

0.147

2500 (2000–3500)

2500 (2000–3625)

0.684

Serum sodium (mmol/L)

  Mean (SD)

138 (5)

138 (3)

0.652

139 (6)

139 (4)

0.611

  Median (IQR)

138 (134–142)

139 (136–141)

0.431

139 (136–142)

139 (136–142)

0.545

Serum chloride (mmol/L)

  Mean (SD)

107 (6)

106 (6)

0.471

106 (7)

106 (6)

0.645

  Median (IQR)

106 (103–111)

105.5 (103–109)

0.448

105 (102–109)

105 (102–111)

0.355

Dose of norepinephrine (µg/kg/min)

  Mean (SD)

0.44 (0.38)

0.56 (0.65)

0.137

0.79 (0.82)

0.75 (0.74)

0.701

  Median (IQR)

0.31 (0.2–0.5)

0.35 (0.2–0.65)

0.367

0.55 (0.27–1.04)

0.50 (0.30–0.88)

0.930

PaO2/FiO2 ratio (mmHg)

  Mean (SD)

227 (102)

191 (73)

0.012

231 (108)

232 (110)

0.934

  Median (IQR)

207 (143–265)

175 (131–235)

0.023

198 (143–301)

202 (149–293)

0.876

Patients with PaO2 > 120 mmHg, n (%)

37 (49.3%)

37 (40.2%)

0.238

72 (59.0%)

61 (56.5%)

0.698

ARDS with PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 200 mmHg, n (%)

36 (48.0%)

56 (64.1%)

0.096

61 (50.0%)

52 (48.1%)

0.779

  1. The Chi-square or Fisher test was used for qualitative data. The quantitative data were compared by t test for the mean comparison, Mann–Whitney test for median comparisons. p values are reported without correction of the α risk despite multiple comparisons, p values are presented for the comparison between “normoxia” and “hyperoxia” treatment in the lactate ≤ 2 mmol/L and lactate > 2 mmol/L groups, respectively. F Fisher, IQR interquartile range, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SAPS simplified acute physiological score, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment