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Annals of Intensive Care

Table 5 Clinical outcomes according to ICC and WIND classifications

From: Validation of a new WIND classification compared to ICC classification for weaning outcome

Variables

ICC classification

WIND classification

Simple

(n = 503)

Difficult

(n = 145)

Prolonged

(n = 87)

P for trend

Group 1

(n = 617)

Group 2

(n = 186)

Group 3

(n = 217)

P for trend

Interval between intubation and the first SA, days

3 (2–5)

3 (2–6)

4 (2–7)

0.002

3 (2–5)

3 (2–6)

4 (2–9)

< 0.001

SOFA score at the day of first SA

5 (3–7)

6 (3–8)

5 (4–8)

< 0.001

5 (3–7)

6 (4–8)

7 (5–9)

< 0.001

MV days

3 (2–6)

7 (4–10)

19 (12–28)

< 0.001

3 (2–5)

7 (5–10)

21 (14–35)

< 0.001

Ventilator-free daysa

25 (22–26)

21 (18–24)

0 (0–13)

< 0.001

25 (23–26)

19 (0–23)

0 (0–5)

< 0.001

Tracheostomy

40 (8.0)

37 (25.5)

62 (71.3)

< 0.001

109 (17.7)

64 (34.4)

162 (74.7)

< 0.001

 No

463 (92.0)

108 (74.5)

25 (28.7)

–

508 (82.3)

122 (65.6)

55 (25.3)

–

 Before MV

–

–

–

–

10 (1.6)

3 (1.6)

1 (0.5)

–

 Between MV and first SA

–

–

–

–

63 (10.2)

21 (11.3)

40 (18.4)

–

 Between first SA and extubation

12 (2.4)

25 (17.2)

60 (69.0)

–

0

32 (17.2)

119 (54.8)

–

 After the first extubation

28 (5.6)

12 (8.3)

2 (2.3)

–

36 (5.8)

8 (4.3)

2 (0.9)

–

Interval between intubation and tracheostomy, daysb

18 (13–33)

12 (5–19)

11 (9–15)

< 0.001

10 (2–17)

7 (4–12)

12 (9–15)

< 0.001

Successful weaning from MVc

486 (96.6)

138 (95.2)

40 (46.0)

< 0.001

608 (98.5)

143 (76.9)

73 (33.6)

< 0.001

ICU mortality

27 (5.4)

8 (5.5)

33 (37.9)

< 0.001

22 (3.6)

31 (16.7)

92 (42.4)

< 0.001

LOS in ICU, days

6 (3–9)

10 (6–14)

21 (14–30)

< 0.001

6 (4–9)

10 (7–14)

24 (17–35)

< 0.001

Hospital mortality

113 (22.5)

37 (25.5)

55 (63.2)

< 0.001

131 (21.2)

63 (33.9)

134 (61.8)

< 0.001

LOS in hospital, days

24 (14–45)

31 (19–57)

40 (27–74)

< 0.001

25 (15–51)

29 (16–52)

45 (29–78)

< 0.001

Type of discharge

 Home

296 (58.8)

72 (49.7)

10 (11.5)

–

343 (55.6)

62 (33.3)

17 (7.8)

–

 Other hospital

82 (16.3)

30 (20.7)

17 (19.5)

–

129 (20.9)

45 (24.2)

40 (18.4)

–

 Other ICU

0

1 (0.7)

3 (3.4)

–

0

4 (2.2)

10 (4.6)

–

 Hospice

12 (2.4)

5 (3.4)

2 (2.3)

–

14 (2.3)

12 (6.5)

16 (7.4)

–

 Death

113 (22.5)

37 (25.5)

55 (63.2)

–

131 (21.2)

63 (33.9)

134 (61.8)

–

  1. ICC International Consensus Conference, WIND Weaning according to a New Definition, SA separation attempt, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, MV mechanical ventilation, ICU intensive care unit, LOS length of stay
  2. aVentilator-free days are defined as 28 minus the total number of days with invasive MV. Nonsurvivors were considered as having 0 ventilator-free days
  3. bExcluded patients with no tracheostomy and tracheostomy prior to mechanical ventilation
  4. cSuccessful weaning is defined as in the WIND Study (Intubated patients: extubation without death or reintubation within 7 days after extubation [whether postextubation noninvasive ventilation was used or not] or ICU discharge without invasive mechanical ventilation within 7 days, whichever comes first. Tracheostomized patients: spontaneous ventilation through tracheostomy without any mechanical ventilation during 7 consecutive days or ICU discharge with spontaneous breathing, whichever comes first)
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