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Table 1 Patients’ characteristics

From: Melatonin and cortisol exhibit different circadian rhythm profiles during septic shock depending on timing of onset: a prospective observational study

Parameter

Group A (N = 15)

Group Β (N = 11)

p value

Age (years)

60.4 ± 25.3

60.9 ± 20.1

0.823

Sex, male/female

9/6

8/3

0.877

Diagnosis

Pneumonia (n = 7)

Multi-trauma patients (n = 5)

 

Abscess (n = 1)

Aortic aneurysm rapture (n = 2)

Intra-abdominal sepsis (n = 2)

Acute pulmonary edema (n = 2)

Bacteraemia (n = 4)

Postoperative respiratory failure (n = 1)

Urinary tract sepsis (n = 1)

Postsurgical stabilization (n = 1)

APACHE II score

20.9 ± 8.2

18.9 ± 4

0.653

SAPS II score

44.4 ± 16.6

43.1 ± 15.1

0.642

Sepsis SOFA score

7.3 ± 3.3

7.9 ± 3.4

0.454

Ramsay score

4.7 ± 2.5

5.5 ± 1.8

0.547

Time of septic shock onset

Upon admission (12.8 ± 8.7 h)

7.5 ± 3.4 days

 

Length of ICU stay, (days)

10.1 ± 10.2

18.5 ± 11.8

0.234

Died in ICU

2

3

 

Cause of death in ICU

Septic shock—MODS (n = 2)

Multi-relapsed septic episodes—MODS (n = 2)

 

AKI—liver dysfunction (n = 1)

Length of hospital stay, (days)

26 ± 21.1

26.4 ± 12.2

0.742

Died in hospital

3

1

 

Cause of death in hospital

Septic shock—MODS (n = 1)

Intra-abdominal sepsis (n = 1)

 

Intra-abdominal sepsis—(n = 1)

Hemorrhagic shock (n = 1)

  1. Values are (Mean ± SD), p value for statistical comparison by t-test
  2. p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant
  3. APACHE II Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, h hours, ICU Intensive Care Unit, MODS Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, NS no significant, SAPS II Simplified Acute Physiology Score, SOFA Specific Organ Failure Assessment