Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
From: Proportional modes versus pressure support ventilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Study/year | Country | Study type | Type of ICU/inclusion criteria | Sample size (% female) | Mean or median age | Type of experiment | Intervention | Control |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Colombo/2008 [29] | Italy | Crossover | Mixed ICU/patients on partial ventilator support | 14 (14.2) | 55.4 | Physiological/20 min | NAVA (support level was to obtain similar peak inspiratory pressure to the PSV) | PSV (support level was to obtain VT of 6–8 ml/kg PBW) |
Xirouchaki/2008 [22] | Greece | Parallel | Mixed ICU/patients on CMV > 36 h and awaiting weaning | 208 (33.7) | 59–63 | Clinical/Weaning (48 h) (weaning failure was defined as the need for switching to a controlled mode or reintubation after extubation) | PAV+ | PSV |
Spahija/2010 [30] | Canada | Crossover | Mixed ICU/patients on MV for ARF and ready to be wean | 14 (57.1) | 69.4 | Physiological/10 min | NAVA (support level was to obtain similar peak inspiratory pressure to the PSV) | PSV (support level was to obtain VT of 6–8 ml/kg PBW) |
Patroniti/2012 [31] | Italy | Crossover | Medical ICU/patients on MV for ARF | 15 (40) | 67.9 | Physiological/10 min | NAVA (support level was 1 cm H2O/μV) | PSV (support level was 8 cm H2O) |
Elganady/2014 [23] | Egypt | Parallel | Medical ICU/patients with acute exacerbation of COPD and on MV > 24 h | 60 (18.3) | 59.7 | Clinical/weaning (weaning failure was defined as the need for switching to a controlled mode or reintubation after extubation) | PAV+ | PSV |
Doorduin/2015 [32] | Netherlands | Crossover | Medical ICU/patients on MV for ARDS | 12 (16.7) | 64.1 | Physiological/30Â min | NAVA (support level was to obtain similar peak inspiratory pressure to the PSV) | PSV (support level was to obtain VT of 6Â ml/kg PBW) |
Schmidt/2015 [15] | France | Crossover | Mixed ICU/patients on MV > 48 h for ARF and awaiting weaning | 16 (37.5) | 67 | Physiological/30 min | PAV+/NAVA (support level was to obtain VT of 6–8 ml/kg PBW) | PSV (support level was to obtain VT of 6–8 ml/kg PBW) |
Bosma/2016 [24] | Canada | Parallel | Mixed ICU/MV > 36 h, SBT failure | 50 (50) | 64.8 | Clinical/weaning (weaning failure was not defined) | PAV+ | PSV |
Carteaux/2016 [33] | France | Crossover | Medical ICU/patients on MV and recovering from ARF | 11 (54.5) | 69.8 | Physiological/5–10 min | NAVA (support level was 0.5 cm H2O/μV) | PSV (support level was 10 cm H2O) |
Demoule/2016 [25] | France | Parallel | Multicenter (medical/mixed/surgical)/patients who required endotracheal MV > 24 h for ARF and awaiting weaning | 128 (32.8) | 64–66 | Clinical/Weaning (14 days) (weaning failure was defined as the need for switching to a controlled mode) | NAVA | PSV |
Di Mussi/2016 [26] | Italy | Parallel | Mixed ICU/patients requiring CMV > 72 h for ARF | 25 (44) | 68.2 | Physiological/48 h | NAVA (support level was titrated according to an initial steep increase PAO and VT) | PSV (support level was to obtain VT of 5–8 ml/kg PBW) |
Kuo/2016 [27] | Taiwan | Parallel | Medical ICU/patients aged ≥ 45 years, and received MV > 21 days for COPD exacerbation | 33 (27.3) | 77.9 | Clinical/weaning (weaning failure was not defined) | NAVA | PSV |
Costa/2017 [34] | Italy | Crossover | Surgical ICU/patients on partial ventilator support < 72 h | 13 (23.1) | 58.9 | Physiological/25 min | NAVA (support level was to obtain similar VT and EAdi to the PSV) | PSV (support level was to obtain VT of 6–8 ml/kg PBW) |
Ferreira/2017 [35] | Brazil | Crossover | Medical ICU/patients on MV > 48 h and considered to be ready for SBT | 20 (35) | 60 | Physiological/30 min (SBT) | NAVA (support level was to obtain similar peak inspiratory pressure to the PSV) | PSV (support level was 5 cm H2O) |
Botha/2018 [28] | Australia | Parallel | Mixed ICU/patients on CMV and suitable for > 48 h of weaning on a spontaneous mode | 49 (40.8) | 63 | Clinical/weaning (weaning failure was defined as the need for reintubation after extubation) | PAV+ | PSV |