Effect on comfort of administering bubble-humidified or dry oxygen: the Oxyrea non-inferiority randomized study

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 2 Effects of humidification strategy according to oxygen flow rate (non-inferiority analyses) at H6–H8 and H24 (per protocol analysis)

Oxygen flows	Results presentation	HO group comfort score	NHO group comfort score	Absolute difference between NHO group mean score and HO group mean score [90% CI]	Relative difference between NHO group mean score and HO group mean score [90% CI]	Interpretation
≤4 L/min H6–H8	Mean ± SD^a	26.1 ± 19.4 20% NI margin =+5.2	27.9 ± 22.2	+ 1.8 [− 2.0; + 5.5]	+ 6.9 [− 7.7; + 21.1]	Non-conclusive
≤4 L/min H6–H8	Median [IQR]	21 [10.8; 37.5]	22 [11; 38.5]
>4 L/min H6–H8	Mean ± SD^a	29.3 ± 22.1 20% NI margin = + 5.9	33.9 ± 24.2	+ 4.6 [− 1.6; + 10.8]	+ 15.7 [− 5.5; + 36.9]	Non-conclusive
>4 L/min H6–H8	Median [IQR]	22.5 [17.8; 36.5]	25 [18.5; 45]
≤4 L/min H24	Mean ± SD^a	29.6 ± 19.7 20% NI margin = + 5.9	24.8 ± 21.0	− 4.8 [− 9.1; − 0.5]	− 16.2 [− 30.7; − 1.7]	Non-inferiority
≤4 L/min H24	Median [IQR]	25.5 [13.5; 42.8]	21 [12; 34]
>4 L/min H24	Mean ± SD^a	23.8 ± 16.6 20% NI margin = + 4.8	36.4 ± 19.5	+ 12.6 [+ 4.9; + 20.4]	+ 52.9 [+ 20.6; + 85.7]	Non-conclusive
	Median [IQR]	21 [12; 34]	33 [18.5; 43.5]