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Annals of Intensive Care
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Table 1 Comparison of characteristics between preadmission glucocorticoid users and preadmission non-glucocorticoid users

From: Effect of preadmission glucocorticoid therapy on 30-day mortality in critically ill patients: a retrospective study of a mixed ICU population in a tertiary hospital

Variables Preadmission GC group (n = 816) Preadmission non-GC group (n = 24,113) P-value
Sex: male 442 (54.2%) 14,434 (59.9%) 0.001
Age (years) 65.2 (14.8) 63.4 (15.6) 0.001
Body mass index (kg/m2) 22.9 (4.0) 23.8 (3.8) < 0.001
APACHE II 20.9 (10.5) 18.9 (10.2) < 0.001
Comorbidities at ICU admission
 Hypertension 335 (41.1%) 10,559 (43.8%) 0.121
 Diabetes mellitus 80 (9.8%) 2275 (9.4%) 0.723
 Ischemic heart disease 26 (3.2%) 661 (2.7%) 0.445
 Cerebrovascular disease 37 (4.5%) 1057 (4.4%) 0.836
 Chronic obstructive lung disease 59 (7.2%) 993 (4.1%) < 0.001
 Liver disease (LC, hepatitis, fatty liver) 42 (5.1%) 709 (2.9%) < 0.001
 Chronic kidney disease 152 (18.6%) 3749 (15.5%) 0.017
 Anemia (Hb < 10 g/dl) 358 (43.9%) 7348 (30.5%) < 0.001
 Cancer 214 (26.2%) 4147 (17.2%) < 0.001
Admission through the emergency department 487 (59.7%) 12,122 (50.3%) < 0.001
Postoperative ICU admission 287 (35.2%) 10,384 (43.1%) < 0.001
Main diagnosis at ICU admission
 Septic shock 56 (6.9%) 353 (1.5%) < 0.001
 Cardiac disease 190 (23.3%) 8002 (33.2%) < 0.001
 Neurologic disease 111 (13.6%) 3237 (13.4%) 0.883
 Kidney failure 72 (8.8%) 1653 (6.9%) 0.029
 Respiratory insufficiency or failure 211 (25.9%) 2695 (11.2%) < 0.001
 Drug intoxication 6 (0.7%) 170 (0.7%) 0.919
 Trauma 6 (0.7%) 185 (0.8%) 0.918
 GI bleeding, ischemia, or perforation 34 (4.2%) 1074 (4.5%) 0.695
 Hemorrhagic shock 2 (0.2%) 105 (0.4%) 0.413
 Post-cardiac arrest 19 (2.3%) 312 (1.3%) 0.011
 Others* 286 (35.0%) 9236 (38.3%) 0.327
Length of hospital stay (days) 16.4 (36.8) 11.1 (18.7) < 0.001
Length of ICU stay (days) 2.6 (9.3) 5.3 (26.7) < 0.001
All-cause 30-day mortality 173 (21.2%) 2113 (8.8%) < 0.001
30-Day mortality due to diagnosed infection 31 (3.8%) 260 (1.1%) < 0.001
  1. Presented as number (percentage) or mean value (standard deviation)
  2. T test for continuous variables and Chi-square test for categorical variables were used
  3. APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, GC glucocorticoid, GI gastrointestinal, Hb hemoglobin, ICU intensive care unit, LC liver cirrhosis
  4. Others* include liver failure, urinary tract infection, unknown, peripheral vascular disease, and ICU admission for monitoring
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