Table 3 Factors associated with VA-ECMO weaning after propensity score matching
Variables | Success (n = 73) | Failure (n = 30) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Length of stay in hospital before VA-ECMO (day) | 5.6 ± 8.5 | 3.9 ± 9.1 | 0.35 |
Length of stay in ICU before VA-ECMO (day) | 1.4 ± 5.1 | 0.7 ± 1.1 | 0.19 |
Clinical characteristics at ICU admission | |||
Simplified Acute Physiology Score 2 | 56.6 ± 19.0 | 62.1 ± 18.2 | 0.18 |
Male | 50 (68.5) | 22 (73.3) | 0.63 |
Age (years) | 52.5 ± 15.8 | 57.9 ± 11.1 | 0.09 |
Body mass index > 30 kg/m2 | 13 (17.8) | 8 (26.7) | 0.31 |
Previous coronary artery disease | 22 (30.1) | 12 (40.0) | 0.33 |
Hypertension | 27 (37.0) | 17 (56.7) | 0.07 |
Chronic renal failure with dialysis | 10 (13.7) | 4 (13.3) | 1.00 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 4 (5.5) | 4 (13.3) | 0.23 |
Diabetes mellitus | 23 (31.5) | 15 (50.0) | 0.08 |
History of congestive heart failure | 18 (24.7) | 4 (13.3) | 0.2 |
Immunosuppression | 2 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1.0 |
Liver cirrhosis | 2 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1.00 |
Cancer | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Smoking (current or former) | 24 (32.9) | 12 (40.0) | 0.49 |
Hazardous alcohol use | 14 (19.2) | 7 (23.3) | 0.63 |
Glasgow Coma Scale score | 13.6 ± 3.8 | 13.3 ± 4.1 | 0.73 |
Catecholamines | 72 (98.6) | 30 (100.0) | 1.00 |
Mechanical ventilation | 65 (89.0) | 28 (93.3) | 0.72 |
Renal replacement therapy | 31 (42.5) | 15 (50.0) | 0.48 |
Total bilirubin level (µmol/L) | 35.9 ± 44.2 | 28.0 ± 37.8 | 0.39 |
Platelet count (G/L) | 152.3 ± 102.8 | 157.1 ± 96.2 | 0.82 |
Prothrombin (%) | 49.3 ± 21.4 | 43.3 ± 17.2 | 0.18 |
Hemoglobin level (g/dL) | 10.9 ± 10.6 | 9.9 ± 2.1 | 0.59 |
Creatinine level (µmol/L) | 173.8 ± 138.4 | 201.4 ± 201.5 | 0.43 |
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 20.2 ± 6.5 | 20.3 ± 7.4 | 0.97 |
Reason for VA-ECMO | 0.28 | ||
Cardiac arrest | 1 (1.4) | 2 (6.7) | |
Dilated cardiomyopathy | 8 (11.0) | 1 (3.3) | |
Myocarditis | 5 (6.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
Acute myocardial infarction | 20 (27.4) | 11 (36.7) | |
Post-cardiotomy | 28 (38.4) | 10 (33.3) | |
Other reason | 11 (15.1) | 6 (20.0) | |
Percutaneous implantation of VA-ECMO | 34 (46.6) | 11 (36.7) | 0.36 |
Hemodynamic parameters (first 24 h post-VA-ECMO) | |||
VA-ECMO flow (L/min) | 3.5 ± 0.6 | 3.6 ± 0.5 | 0.51 |
Maximal dose of norepinephrine (µg/kg/min) | 0.8 ± 0.6 | 0.6 ± 0.6 | 0.15 |
Maximal dose of dobutamine (µg/kg/min) | 10.1 ± 3.7 | 10.4 ± 4.5 | 0.69 |
Intra-aortic balloon pump | 24 (32.9) | 8 (26.7) | 0.54 |
VA-ECMO duration | 11.9 ± 8.8 | 9.3 ± 5.4 | 0.14 |
Levosimendan | 32 (43.8) | 6 (20.0) | 0.01 |