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Table 3 Characteristics of ICU-acquired infections

From: Pulmonary infections prime the development of subsequent ICU-acquired pneumonia in septic shock

Variables

Pulmonary ICU-AI (n = 139)

Non-pulmonary ICU-AI (n = 110)

p

Time from admission to ICU-AI (days)

7 (5–11)

8 (5–12)

0.57

Sources of non-pulmonary ICU-AI

 Catheter

47 (43)

 

 Abdominal

34 (31)

 

 Skin and soft tissue

15 (14)

 

 Urinary

5 (4)

 

 Miscellaneous

3 (3)

 

 Unknown

6 (5)

 

Microbiological documentation

112 (80)

85 (77)

0.10

Positive blood culture

11 (8)

61 (55)

<  0.001

Distribution of pathogens

  

< 0.001

 Gram-negative bacteria

  Pseudomonas aeruginosa

39 (28)

10 (9)

 

  Escherichia coli

18 (13)

3 (2)

 

  Enterobacter spp.

15 (11)

13 (12)

 

  Klebsiella spp.

13 (9)

7 (6)

 

  Serratia marcescens

7 (5)

0 (0)

 

  Miscellaneous

7 (5)

1 (1)

 

 Gram-positive bacteria

  Staphylococcus aureus

6 (4)

8 (7)

 

  Enterococcus spp.

1 (1)

11 (10)

 

  Miscellaneous

2 (2)

20 (19)

 

 Fungi

 

  Candida albicans

0 (0)

3 (2)

  Non-albicans Candida

0 (0)

6 (5)

  Aspergillus fumigatus

2 (1)

0 (0)

  Miscellaneous

2 (2)

0 (0)

 Virus

  Cytomegalovirus

0 (0)

3 (2)

Further episodes of ICU-AI

0.08

 None

85 (61)

72 (65)

 

 1 episode

25 (18)

26 (24)

 

 ≥ 2 episodes

29 (21)

12 (11)

 
  1. Variables are expressed as median (interquartile range) or number (percentage), as appropriate
  2. ICU intensive care unit, ICU-AI intensive care unit-acquired infections, MRSA methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MSSA methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, GNB gram-negative bacteria