Skip to main content

Table 3 Main causes of hyperlactatemia suggested by the experts (EXPERT OPINION)

From: Diagnosis and management of metabolic acidosis: guidelines from a French expert panel

Type A

 Severe anemia

 Septic, hemorrhagic, cardiogenic shock

 CO poisoning

 Organ ischemia

 Convulsions

 Intense physical exercise

Type B

 Sub-type B1—Underlying primary diseases

  Cancer and hemopathy

  Decompensated diabetes

  HIV infection

  Liver failure

  Sepsis

  Severe malaria attack

 Sub-type B2—Medication and toxins

  Alcohol

  Beta-adrenergic agents

  Cyanide and cyanogenic compounds

  Diethyl ether

  Fluorouracil (5-FU)

  Halothane

  Iron

  Isoniazid

  Linezolid

  Metformin

  Nalidixic acid

  Niacin (vitamin B3 or nicotinic acid)

  Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

  Paracetamol

  Propofol

  Psychostimulants: cocaine, amphetamines, cathinones

  Salicylates

  Strychnine

  Sugars: fructose, sorbitol, xylitol

  Sulfasalazine

  Total parenteral nutrition

  Valproic acid

  Vitamin deficiency: thiamine (vitamin B1) and biotin (vitamin B8)

 Sub-type B3—Inborn errors of metabolism

  Fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency

  Glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency (von Gierke disease)

  Kearns–Sayre syndrome

  MELAS syndrome

  MERRF syndrome

  Methylmalonic acidemia (methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency)

  Pearson syndrome

  Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency

  Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency