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Annals of Intensive Care
Fig. 2 | Annals of Intensive Care

Fig. 2

From: Effects of high-flow nasal cannula and non-invasive ventilation on inspiratory effort in hypercapnic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a preliminary study

Fig. 2

Individual data and mean value of simplified esophageal pressure–time product (sPTPes) per minute during non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) at different flow rates. *Indicates p < 0.05 in comparison to HFNC at a flow rate of 10 L/min, **Indicates p < 0.05 in comparison to HFNC at a flow rate of 20 L/min

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