Domains and items | |
---|---|
Common to all topics | Study information (n = 3) |
Study type, study design, sample size | |
Patients characteristics (n = 12) | |
Context | |
Age, gender, height and weight (or BMI) | |
History of hypertension, HFpEF, HFrEF, ischemic heart disease, atrial fibrillation, COPD, chronic renal failure, presence of pacemaker | |
Echocardiography information (n = 6) | |
Type of echocardiography; were data collected at end-expiration? Number of beats for data averaging? Was airway pressure trace displayed on screen? | |
Vendor of ultrasound machine and software version | |
Clinical information at the time of echocardiography (n = 10) | |
Mode of ventilation; if mechanically ventilated tidal volume, plateau pressure and positive end-expiratory pressure | |
Cardiac rhythm, heart rate, blood pressure; inotropes, vasopressors and their doses | |
Measurement reliability (n = 8) | |
Feasibility; intra-observer and inter-observer variability; was observer blinded to treatment? | |
Echocardiographer professional training and experience in echocardiography | |
Reviewer’s professional training and experience in echocardiography | |
Statistics reporting (n = 4) | |
Was sample size and power calculation provided? Was analysis blinded? Were confounders addressed? Was internal validation provided? | |
Topic-specific items | LV systolic function (n = 15) |
LV size, LV ejection fraction, LV fractional area change, Tissue Doppler Sʹ velocity, MAPSE, LV dP/dt, LV Tei index, LV strain or strain rate, regional wall motion score | |
Cardiac output, stroke volume, presence of heart valve disease; patent foramen ovale; pericardial effusion, tamponade | |
RV function (n = 18) | |
RV end-diastolic diameter; RV end-diastolic area; RV-to-LV end-diastolic area ratio; TAPSE; RV fractional area change; tissue Doppler Sʹ velocity; RV Tei index; RV strain or strain rate; subjective rating of RV function; PAPs or TR peak velocity; PAAT | |
Patent foramen ovale; pericardial effusion; tamponade; RV wall thickness; paradoxical septal motion; IAS bowing; IVC diameter | |
LV diastolic function (n = 15) | |
E/A ratio; tissue Doppler Eʹ velocity; E/Eʹ ratio; PAPs or TR peak velocity; mitral E propagation velocity; mitral E deceleration time; pulmonary venous flow; left atrial size | |
Systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure; chronic medications; criteria used for grading diastolic function; guidelines or reference for criteria cited; technical details of measurements | |
Fluid management (n = 7) | |
Parameter used to predict FR, echocardiographic parameter to assess FR-to-volume challenge or passive leg raising | |
Was fluid responsiveness defined? Were technical details of measurements provided? Was reference (“gold”) standard for comparison stated? Was description of the reference standard provided? Was echocardiography used as reference standard? | |
Advanced echocardiography techniques (n = 17) | |
Types of strain used in LV study; strain or strain rate used in LV study; myocardial layer analysed for LV strain study; RV longitudinal strain, RV longitudinal strain rate; number of cycles used in analysis; start time in cardiac cycle used in analysis, frame rate; number of planes used in analysis; method of image exclusion, method of segments exclusion; details of image optimization method; drift correction used | |
Number of beats used in 3-D analysis; frame or volume rate used in 3-D analysis; timing of respiratory cycle in 3-D analysis; reference method in 3-D analysis |