Table 1 Baseline characteristics and their univariate association with 1-year survival tested by Cox proportional hazard model
Variable N (%) or median [Q1; Q3] | All N = 419 | 1-year survival | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alive N = 114 | Dead N = 305 | HR (95% CI) | p | ||
Demographics/history | |||||
Age, years | 68.2 [57.9; 76.3] | 67.2 [57.4; 74.8] | 69.1 [58.4; 76.9] | 1.00 (0.99; 1.00) | 0.35 |
Male sex | 251 (59.9) | 66 (57.9) | 185 (60.7) | 1.01 (0.81; 1.27) | 0.93 |
Hypertension | 238 (57.3) | 72 (63.2) | 166 (55.1) | 1.20 (0.95; 1.52) | 0.12 |
Diabetes mellitus | 81 (19.3) | 21 (18.4) | 60 (19.7) | 1.05 (0.79; 1.39) | 0.72 |
Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 55 (13.3) | 13 (11.4) | 42 (14) | 0.86 (0.63; 1.19) | 0.38 |
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 62 (15.3) | 15 (13.5) | 47 (16) | 0.91 (0.67; 1.25) | 0.57 |
Charlson comorbidity index ≥ 1 | 215 (51.3) | 63 (55.3) | 152 (49.8) | 1.16 (0.93; 1.45) | 0.20 |
Stroke characteristics | |||||
Stroke type | |||||
Ischemic | 191 (45.6) | 66 (57.9) | 125 (41) | Ref | < .01 |
Hemorrhagic | 178 (42.5) | 35 (30.7) | 143 (46.9) | 0.58 (0.45; 0.74) | . |
SAH | 50 (11.9) | 13 (11.4) | 37 (12.1) | 0.59 (0.41; 0.85) | . |
Acute-phase stroke therapy | 70 (16.7) | 33 (28.9) | 37 (12.1) | 1.96 (1.39; 2.78) | < .01 |
Time from stroke to ICU admission, days | 1 [1, 2] | 1.5 [1, 5] | 1 [1, 2] | 1.05 (1.02; 1.09) | < .01 |
ICU admission | |||||
Period of admission | |||||
1996–2002 | 34 (8.1) | 9 (7.9) | 25 (8.2) | Ref | 0.55 |
2003–2009 | 228 (54.4) | 64 (56.1) | 164 (53.8) | 0.83 (0.54; 1.25) | . |
2010–2016 | 157 (37.5) | 41 (36) | 116 (38) | 0.79 (0.51; 1.2) | . |
Type of ICU admission | |||||
Transfer from ward | 150 (35.8) | 56 (49.1) | 94 (30.8) | Ref | < .01 |
Direct (from ED or home) | 269 (64.2) | 58 (50.9) | 211 (69.2) | 0.63 (0.5; 0.81) | . |
Reason for intubation | |||||
Elective procedure | 12 (2.9) | 10 (8.8) | 2 (0.7) | Ref | < .01 |
Altered mental status | 302 (72.1) | 66 (57.9) | 236 (77.4) | 0.12 (0.03; 0.47) | . |
Respiratory failure | 52 (12.4) | 19 (16.7) | 33 (10.8) | 0.19 (0.05; 0.79) | . |
Seizure | 34 (8.1) | 19 (16.7) | 15 (4.9) | 0.30 (0.07; 1.33) | . |
Cardiac arrest | 19 (4.5) | 0 (0) | 19 (6.2) | 0.04 (0.01; 0.17) | . |
GCS at admission | |||||
8–15 | 110 (26.3) | 57 (50) | 53 (17.4) | Ref | < .01 |
3–7 | 309 (73.7) | 57 (50) | 252 (82.6) | 0.36 (0.27; 0.49) | . |
SAPS 2 | 58 [47; 72] | 46.5 [39; 58] | 62 [53; 75] | 0.95 (0.95; 0.96) | < .01 |
Non-neurologic SOFA | 4 [1, 6] | 3 [1, 6] | 4 [2, 6] | 1.03 (0.99; 1.07) | 0.14 |