Table 2 Patients characteristics and outcomes, according to stroke subtype
Variable N (%) or median [Q1; Q3] | AIS n = 191 | ICH n = 178 | SAH n = 50 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics/history | ||||
Age, years | 69.4 [61.1; 76.5] | 67.7 [57.7; 76] | 62.5 [54.3; 76] | 0.10 |
Male sex | 129 (67.5) | 105 (59) | 17 (34) | <.01 |
Charlson comorbidity index ≥ 1 | 115 (60.2) | 85 (47.8) | 15 (30) | <.01 |
Period of admission | 0.67 | |||
1996–2002 | 18 (9.4) | 12 (6.7) | 4 (8) | . |
2003–2009 | 108 (56.5) | 95 (53.4) | 25 (50) | . |
2010–2016 | 65 (34) | 71 (39.9) | 21 (42) | . |
Stroke characteristics | ||||
AIS location | ||||
Anterior circulation | 117 (61.6) | – | – | |
Posterior circulation | 69 (36.3) | – | – | |
ICH location | – | |||
Lobar | – | 76 (45.5) | – | |
Deep | – | 50 (29.9) | – | |
Infratentorial | – | 21 (24.6) | – | |
Acute-phase stroke therapya | 39 (20.4) | 16 (9) | 19 (38) | < .01 |
Intravenous thrombolysis | 17 (8.9) | – | – | |
Intra-arterial thrombolysis | 10 (5.2) | – | – | |
Endovascular thrombectomy | 8 (4.2) | – | – | |
Craniectomy | 4 (2.1) | 1 (0.6) | 0 | |
External ventricular drainage | – | 9 (5.1) | 7 (14) | |
Surgical hematoma evacuation | – | 6 (3.4) | 1 (2) | |
Aneurysm surgical clipping | – | 2 (1.12) | 1 (2) | |
Aneurysm endovascular coiling | – | 0 | 5 (10) | |
Time from stroke to ICU admission, days | 2 [1, 4] | 1 [1] | 1 [1] | < .01 |
ICU admission | ||||
Type of ICU admission | < .01 | |||
Direct (from ED or home) | 89 (46.6) | 137 (77) | 43 (86) | . |
Transfer from ward | 102 (53.4) | 41 (23) | 7 (14) | . |
Reason for intubation | < .01 | |||
Altered mental status | 116 (60.7) | 154 (86.5) | 32 (64) | . |
Respiratory failure | 46 (24.1) | 6 (3.4) | 0 (0) | . |
Seizure | 19 (9.9) | 11 (6.2) | 4 (8) | . |
Cardiac arrest | 5 (2.6) | 5 (2.8) | 9 (18) | |
Elective procedure | 5 (2.6) | 2 (1.1) | 5 (10) | . |
GCS at admission | 6 [3, 10] | 3 [3, 6] | 3 [3, 7] | < .01 |
GCS < 8 | 120 (62.8) | 151 (84.8) | 38 (76) | |
SAPS 2 | 56 [45; 67] | 61 [51; 77] | 59.5 [50; 72] | < .01 |
Non-neurologic SOFA | 4 [2, 7] | 4 [1, 5] | 3 [2, 6] | 0.14 |
ICU stay | ||||
Duration of mechanical ventilation, days | 5 [3, 12] | 3 [2, 8] | 3 [1, 6] | < .01 |
Vasopressor support | 92 (48.2) | 78 (43.8) | 28 (56) | 0.30 |
Renal replacement therapy | 17 (8.9) | 4 (2.2) | 6 (12) | < .01 |
Withdrawal/withholding of care | 77 (40.3) | 66 (37.1) | 15 (30) | 0.40 |
ICU length of stay, days | 7 [4, 15] | 3 [2, 9] | 3.5 [2, 8] | < .01 |
Hospital length of stay, daysb | 15 [6, 35] | 5 [2, 15] | 4 [2, 16] | < .01 |
Survival rates | ||||
ICU survival | 89 (46.6) | 50 (28.1) | 18 (36) | < .01 |
Hospital survival | 71 (37.2) | 43 (24.2) | 15 (30) | 0.03 |
1-year survivalc | 54 (30.2) | 30 (17.3) | 5 (11.9) | < .01 |