From: Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a large cohort study
 | Not severe patients at admission (n = 1102) | Non-progressors (n = 841) | Progressors (n = 261) | p value | Severe patients (n = 349) | Survivor (n = 192) | Non-survivor (n = 157) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | ||||||||
 Median (IQR), year | 56 (46, 66) | 55 (45, 65) | 62 (52, 70) | < 0.0001 | 63 (53, 72) | 57 (48, 66) | 69 (62, 77) | < 0.0001 |
 Sex, n (%) | ||||||||
  Female | 516 (46.8) | 412 (49.0) | 104 (39.9) | 0.0097 | 143 (41.0) | 86 (44.8) | 57 (36.3) | 0.1088 |
  Male | 586 (53.2) | 429 (51.0) | 157 (60.1) |  | 206 (59.0) | 106 (55.2) | 100 (63.7) |  |
Smoking, n (%) | 40 (4.3) | 25 (3.5) | 15 (7.2) | 1 | 20 (7.0) | 15 (9.9) | 5 (3.8) | 1 |
Drinking, n (%) | 44 (4.6) | 25 (3.3) | 19 (8.8) | 0.0006 | 23 (7.9) | 18 (11.0) | 5 (3.9) | 0.0251 |
Epidemic disease history, n (%) | ||||||||
 Influenza A | ||||||||
  Negative | 1045 (96.3) | 799 (96.3) | 246 (96.5) | 0.4315 | 332 (97.1) | 188 (98.9) | 144 (94.8) | 0.0421 |
  Positive | 19 (1.8) | 13 (1.6) | 6 (2.3) |  | 6 (1.7) | 2 (1.1) | 4 (2.6) |  |
  Unchecked or unknown | 21 (1.9) | 18 (2.1) | 3 (1.2) |  | 4 (1.2) | 0 (0.00) | 4 (2.6) |  |
 Influenza B | ||||||||
  Negative | 1048 (96.5) | 800 (96.3) | 248 (97.3) | 0.6044 | 333 (97.4) | 190 (100.0) | 143 (94.1) | 0.0032 |
  Positive | 17 (1.6) | 13 (1.5) | 4 (1.6) |  | 5 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (3.3) |  |
  Unchecked or unknown | 21 (1.9) | 18 (2.2) | 3 (1.1) |  | 4 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (2.6) |  |
Exposure history, n (%) | ||||||||
 Huanan seafood market | 126 (11.9) | 96 (11.8) | 30 (12.2) | 0.8499 | 35 (10.5) | 29 (15.7) | 6 (4.1) | 0.0006 |
 Wuhan exposure | 1032 (94.3) | 788 (94.0) | 244 (95.3) | 0.4385 | 331 (96.2) | 180 (94.7) | 151 (98.1) | 0.1089 |
 Other parts of Hubei | 55 (5.2) | 44 (5.4) | 11 (4.6) | 0.6121 | 12 (3.8) | 10 (5.7) | 2 (1.4) | 0.0458 |
 Contact with wildlife | 17 (1.6) | 10 (1.2) | 7 (3.0) | 0.1169 | 7 (2.2) | 7 (4.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0404 |
 Medical staff | 16 (1.5) | 16 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0608 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 |
 Clustered cases | 125 (11.5) | 88 (10.6) | 37 (14.5) | 0.1597 | 44 (12.8) | 30 (15.8) | 14 (9.2) | 0.1736 |
Any comorbidity, n (%) | 383 (34.8) | 265 (31.5) | 118 (45.2) | < 0.0001 | 176 (50.4) | 80 (41.7) | 96 (61.2) | 0.0003 |
 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 18 (1.7) | 9 (1.1) | 9 (3.6) | 0.2117 | 13 (3.8) | 5 (2.7) | 8 (5.3) | 1 |
 Diabetes | 124 (11.4) | 82 (9.8) | 42 (16.5) | 0.0033 | 62 (18.1) | 23 (12.2) | 39 (25.5) | 0.0015 |
 Hypertension | 265 (24.3) | 189 (22.6) | 76 (29.7) | 0.0208 | 119 (34.7) | 55 (29.0) | 64 (41.8) | 0.0127 |
 Chronic cardiac disease | 70 (6.4) | 49 (5.9) | 21 (8.2) | 0.1823 | 37 (10.8) | 12 (6.3) | 25 (16.3) | 0.0029 |
 Chronic kidney disease | 29 (2.7) | 20 (2.4) | 9 (3.5) | 0.3326 | 10 (2.9) | 4 (2.1) | 6 (3.9) | 0.5022 |
 Chronic liver disease | 37 (3.4) | 28 (3.4) | 9 (3.5) | 0.9165 | 12 (3.5) | 4 (2.1) | 8 (5.2) | 0.1132 |
 Stroke | 36 (3.3) | 18 (2.2) | 18 (7.3) | 0.0001 | 21 (6.1) | 10 (5.3) | 11 (7.2) | 0.4595 |
 Malignancy | 29 (2.7) | 17 (2.0) | 12 (4.7) | 0.0214 | 17 (5.0) | 9 (4.7) | 8 (5.2) | 0.8347 |
 Immunosuppression | 19 (1.8) | 7 (0.8) | 12 (4.7) | 0.0001 | 17 (5.0) | 8 (4.2) | 9 (5.9) | 0.4695 |
 Tuberculosis | 14 (1.3) | 8 (1.0) | 6 (2.4) | 0.1589 | 7 (2.1) | 2 (1.1) | 5 (3.3) | 0.2858 |
Signs and symptoms at admission, n (%) | ||||||||
 Fever | 889 (81.0) | 671 (80.0) | 218 (84.2) | 0.1329 | 300 (86.7) | 163 (84.9) | 137 (89.0) | 0.2684 |
 Median highest temperature (IQR) °C | 38.5 (38.0, 39.0) | 38.4 (38.0, 39.0) | 38.55 (38.0, 39.0) | 0.4549 | 38.5 (38.0, 39.0) | 38.5 (38.0, 39.0) | 38.5 (38.0, 39.0) | 0.0554 |
 Nasal congestion | 11 (1.0) | 5 (0.6) | 6 (2.3) | 1 | 6 (1.7) | 3 (1.6) | 3 (2.0) | 1 |
 Nasal discharges | 16 (1.5) | 10 (1.2) | 6 (2.3) | 0.309 | 6 (1.7) | 3 (1.6) | 3 (2.0) | 1 |
 Sneeze | 5 (0.5) | 2 (0.2) | 3 (1.2) | 0.1646 | 3 (0.9) | 2 (1.0) | 1 (0.7) | 1 |
 Sore throat | 36 (3.3) | 31 (3.7) | 5 (1.9) | 0.1611 | 8 (2.3) | 5 (2.6) | 3 (2.0) | 0.9725 |
 Cough | 810 (73.8) | 600 (71.4) | 210 (81.4) | 0.0015 | 279 (80.9) | 151 (78.7) | 128 (83.7) | 0.2394 |
 Sputum production | 391 (35.6) | 282 (33.6) | 109 (42.3) | 0.0113 | 135 (39.1) | 70 (36.5) | 65 (42.5) | 0.2546 |
 Dyspnoea | 488 (44.5) | 333 (39.7) | 155 (60.1) | < 0.0001 | 215 (62.3) | 106 (55.2) | 109 (71.2) | 0.0023 |
 Chest pain | 57 (5.2) | 46 (5.5) | 11 (4.3) | 0.4294 | 16 (4.6) | 10 (5.2) | 6 (3.9) | 0.5723 |
 Hemoptysis | 11 (1.0) | 8 (1.0) | 3 (1.2) | 1 | 6 (1.7) | 3 (1.6) | 3 (2.0) | 1 |
 Headache | 60 (5.5) | 52 (6.3) | 8 (3.1) | 0.0527 | 9 (2.6) | 7 (3.7) | 2 (1.3) | 0.3106 |
 Myalgia | 126 (11.6) | 88 (10.6) | 38 (14.7) | 0.0684 | 45 (13.0) | 28 (14.6) | 17 (11.1) | 0.3414 |
 Fatigue | 397 (36.3) | 298 (35.6) | 99 (38.5) | 0.3878 | 136 (39.5) | 71 (37.2) | 65 (42.5) | 0.3167 |
 Gastrointestinal symptoms | 200 (18.3) | 163 (19.5) | 37 (14.3) | 0.059 | 51 (14.8) | 26 (13.5) | 25 (16.3) | 0.4669 |
 Eye symptoms | 23 (2.1) | 16 (1.9) | 7 (2.7) | 0.442 | 7 (2.0) | 6 (3.1) | 1 (0.7) | 0.2175 |
 Rhonchi | 51 (4.6) | 33 (3.9) | 18 (7.0) | 0.0438 | 24 (6.9) | 14 (7.3) | 10 (6.5) | 0.7715 |
 Crackles | 150 (13.7) | 111 (13.2) | 39 (15.1) | 0.454 | 59 (17.1) | 32 (16.7) | 27 (17.5) | 0.8315 |
Systolic pressure | ||||||||
 Median (IQR), mmHg | 122 (110, 134) | 121 (110, 133) | 123 (112, 136) | 0.2233 | 126 (115, 139) | 123 (112, 136) | 130.5 (117, 144) | 0.0201 |
Diastolic pressure | ||||||||
 Median (IQR), mmHg | 80 (72, 87) | 80 (72, 88) | 80 (72, 87) | 0.173 | 80 (73, 87) | 80 (75, 87) | 80 (72, 87) | 0.2204 |
Heart rate | ||||||||
 Median (IQR), bpm | 86 (79, 96) | 85 (78, 95) | 89 (80, 100) | 0.0002 | 89 (80, 100) | 88 (80, 98) | 89 (82, 102) | 0.1859 |
Respiratory rate | ||||||||
 Median (IQR), bpm | 21 (20, 25) | 21 (20, 24) | 22 (20, 26) | 0.3707 | 23 (20, 28) | 22 (20, 28) | 23 (20, 28) | 0.2702 |
SOFA | 2 (1, 5) | 2 (0, 14) | 4 (2, 8) | < 0.0001 | 5 (3, 10) | 3 (2, 5) | 10 (6, 18) | < 0.0001 |
APACHEII | 3 (1, 5) | 3 (1, 5) | 5 (3, 8) | < 0.0001 | 6 (3, 10) | 5 (2, 7) | 10.5 (8, 17) | < 0.0001 |
Laboratory findings | ||||||||
Leucocytes- (IQR-109/L) | 6.1 (4.5, 8.5) | 5.8 (4.5, 7.8) | 8.1 (5.0, 13.6) | < 0.0001 | 9.4 (5.8, 15.6) | 7.3 (4.8, 10.2) | 15.5 (8.9, 21.9) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 <4 | 180 (16.8) | 145 (17.5) | 35 (14.4) | < 0.0001 | 40 (12.3) | 26 (14.0) | 14 (10.0) | < 0.0001 |
 4–10 | 707 (66.0) | 593 (71.6) | 114 (46.7) |  | 133 (40.9) | 109 (58.6) | 24 (17.3) |  |
 >10 | 185 (17.2) | 90 (10.9) | 95 (38.9) |  | 152 (46.8) | 51 (27.4) | 101 (72.7) |  |
Hemoglobin (IQR-g/L) | 121 (110.0, 131.0) | 121 (110.0, 130.0) | 119 (108.0, 131.0) | 0.1872 | 118 (107.0, 130.0) | 116.5 (108.0, 129.0) | 120 (103.0, 133.0) | 0.5845 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 ≤ 90 | 47 (4.4) | 27 (3.3) | 20 (8.3) | 0.0008 | 27 (8.5) | 10 (5.4) | 17 (12.8) | 0.0191 |
 >90 | 1021 (95.6) | 800 (96.7) | 221 (91.7) |  | 292 (91.5) | 176 (94.6) | 116 (87.2) |  |
Platelets (IQR-109/L) | 196 (147.0, 253.0) | 204 (159.0, 260.0) | 153 (105.0, 216.0) | < 0.0001 | 151.5 (90.5, 208.0) | 179.5 (140.0, 241.0) | 90.5 (50.0, 165.0) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 <100 | 91 (8.5) | 34 (4.1) | 57 (23.5) | < 0.0001 | 88 (27.2) | 15 (8.1) | 73 (52.9) | < 0.0001 |
 ≥ 100 | 979 (91.5) | 793 (95.9) | 186 (76.5) |  | 236 (72.8) | 171 (91.9) | 65 (47.1) |  |
Neutrophils (IQR-109/L) | 4.2 (2.8, 6.6) | 3.8 (2.7, 5.7) | 7.0 (3.6, 13.3) | < 0.0001 | 8.3 (4.6, 15.1) | 5.6 (3.3, 9.1) | 14.7 (9.9, 20.3) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 < 1.8 | 65 (6.2) | 57 (6.9) | 8 (3.4) | < 0.0001 | 8 (2.6) | 4 (2.3) | 4 (3.1) | < 0.0001 |
 1.8–6.3 | 703 (66.5) | 606 (73.5) | 97 (41.6) |  | 109 (35.5) | 96 (54.5) | 13 (9.9) |  |
 > 6.3 | 289 (27.3) | 161 (19.6) | 128 (55.0) |  | 190 (61.9) | 76 (43.2) | 114 (87.0) |  |
Lymphocytes (IQR-109/L) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.6) | 1.3 (0.9, 1.7) | 0.8 (0.5, 1.3) | < 0.0001 | 0.8 (0.4, 1.2) | 1.0 (0.6, 1.4) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.9) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 < 0.8 | 269 (25.6) | 154 (18.8) | 115 (49.6) | < 0.0001 | 161 (53.0) | 67 (38.3) | 94 (72.9) | < 0.0001 |
 ≥ 0.8 | 783 (74.4) | 666 (81.2) | 117 (50.4) |  | 143 (47.0) | 108 (61.7) | 35 (27.1) |  |
 CD3 (IQR-/μL) | 626 (445, 964) | 710 (470, 1132) | 522 (367, 636.) | < 0.0001 | 522 (364, 659) | 562 (427, 793) | 367 (267, 409) | 0.0004 |
 CD4 (IQR-/μL) | 368 (252, 612) | 416 (283, 730) | 292 (207, 432) | 0.0006 | 289 (185, 432) | 353 (261, 489) | 211 (145, 248) | 0.0003 |
 CD8 (IQR-/μL) | 237 (139, 337) | 269 (188, 400) | 155 (114, 252) | <  0.0001 | 155 (116, 252) | 207 (128, 288) | 129 (87, 144) | 0.0044 |
 Prothrombin time (IQR-s) | 11.4 (10.7, 12.4) | 11.3 (10.6, 12.2) | 11.9 (11.1, 13.4) | < 0.0001 | 12.4 (11.3, 13.9) | 11.6 (10.0, 12.6) | 14 (12.4, 17.5) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 <10.5 | 198 (19.1) | 163 (20.4) | 35 (14.7) | < 0.0001 | 38 (11.9) | 34 (18.4) | 4 (3.0) | < 0.0001 |
 10.5–13.5 | 726 (70.0) | 580 (72.6) | 146 (61.3) |  | 183 (57.4) | 131 (70.8) | 52 (38.8) |  |
 >13.5 | 113 (10.9) | 56 (7.0) | 57 (24.0) |  | 98 (30.7) | 20 (10.8) | 78 (58.2) |  |
Activated-partial thromboplastin time (IQR-s) | 27.6 (24.3, 32.2) | 27 (23.9, 31.1) | 29.9 (25.7, 35.8) | < 0.0001 | 30 (25.0, 35.8) | 29 (24.7, 34.3) | 33.4 (26.1, 38.9) | 0.0006 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 <21 | 64 (6.2) | 47 (5.9) | 17 (7.3) | < 0.0001 | 21 (6.7) | 14 (7.7) | 7 (5.4) | < 0.0001 |
 21–37 | 870 (84.2) | 699 (87.5) | 171 (73.1) |  | 228 (73.1) | 148 (80.9) | 80 (62.0) |  |
 >37 | 99 (9.6) | 53 (6.6) | 46 (19.6) |  | 63 (20.1) | 21 (11.4) | 42 (32.6) |  |
Thrombin time (IQR-s) | 17.8 (16.7, 20.6) | 17.7 (16.7, 20.0) | 18.4 (17.1, 22.4) | < 0.0001 | 18.4 (17.1, 21.7) | 18.3 (17.1, 21.3) | 18.4 (17.1, 23.0) | 0.5313 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 <13 | 8 (0.8) | 8 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0044 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.4132 |
 13–21 | 782 (75.7) | 618 (77.4) | 164 (70.1) |  | 224 (72.0) | 135 (73.8) | 89 (69.5) |  |
 >21 | 243 (23.5) | 173 (21.6) | 70 (29.9) |  | 87 (28.0) | 48 (26.2) | 39 (30.5) |  |
 D-dimer (IQR-μg/mL) | 0.8 (0.4, 1.9) | 0.74 (0.4, 1.4) | 1.38 (0.5, 9.4) | < 0.0001 | 2.21 (0.7, 18.1) | 0.95 (0.5, 2.8) | 17.83 (4.5, 56.5) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 ≤ 0.5 | 322 (31.9) | 268 (34.5) | 54 (23.2) | < 0.0001 | 55 (17.5) | 51 (27.9) | 4 (3.1) | < 0.0001 |
0.5–1 | 271 (26.8) | 227 (29.2) | 44 (18.9) |  | 52 (16.6) | 43 (23.5) | 9 (6.9) |  |
 >1 | 417 (41.3) | 282 (36.3) | 135 (57.9) |  | 207 (65.9) | 89 (48.6) | 118 (90.0) |  |
 Total bilirubin (IQR-μmol/L) | 12.7 (9.9, 17.0) | 12.1 (9.6, 15.6) | 16 (11.7, 24.9) | < 0.0001 | 16.7 (11.9, 26.4) | 14.05 (11.0, 18.4) | 24.9 (16.6, 36.1) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 ≤ 26 | 954 (91.8) | 777 (95.8) | 177 (77.6) | < 0.0001 | 228 (74.5) | 155 (90.1) | 73 (54.5) | < 0.0001 |
 >26 | 85 (8.2) | 34 (4.2) | 51 (22.4) |  | 78 (25.5) | 17 (9.9) | 61 (45.5) |  |
 Alanine aminotransferase ( (IQR-U/L) | 41.5 (25.0, 64.0) | 38 (23.0, 60.0) | 51 (34.0, 83.0) | < 0.0001 | 50 (32.0, 79.0) | 50 (33.0, 75.0) | 47 (31.0, 84.0) | 0.7016 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 ≤ 40 | 524 (49.2) | 436 (52.9) | 88 (36.5) | < 0.0001 | 123 (38.3) | 72 (38.7) | 51 (37.8) | 0.8654 |
 >40 | 542 (50.8) | 389 (47.1) | 153 (63.5) |  | 198 (61.7) | 114 (61.3) | 84 (62.2) |  |
Aspartate aminotransferase (IQR-U/L) | 34 (26.0, 49.0) | 31 (24.0, 44.0) | 46.5 (34.0, 72.0) | < 0.0001 | 48 (35.0, 74.0) | 40 (31.0, 57.0) | 58 (44.0, 109.0) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 ≤ 40 | 679 (63.7) | 584 (70.9) | 95 (39.3) | < 0.0001 | 118 (36.5) | 96 (51.6) | 22 (16.1) | < 0.0001 |
 >40 | 387 (36.3) | 240 (29.1) | 147 (60.7) |  | 205 (63.5) | 90 (48.4) | 115 (83.9) |  |
 Albumin (IQR-g/L) | 31.7 (28.5, 35.0) | 32.4 (29.6, 35.7) | 28.3 (26.0, 31.5) | < 0.0001 | 28 (25.5, 30.7) | 29.5 (27.4, 32.3) | 26.2 (24.3, 28.3) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 <40 | 1024 (95.9) | 780 (94.7) | 244 (100.0) | 0.0003 | 326 (100.0) | 186 (100.0) | 140 (100.0) | 1 |
 40–55 | 41 (3.8) | 41 (5.0) | 0 (0.0) |  | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |  |
 >55 | 3 (0.3) | 3 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) |  | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |  |
 Blood urea nitrogen (IQR-mmol/L) | 5 (4.0, 6.4) | 4.8 (3.8, 5.8) | 6.5 (5.0, 10.2) | < 0.0001 | 7.2 (5.4, 11.7) | 6.1 (4.7, 7.7) | 13.2 (7.7, 20.3) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 <3.1 | 81 (7.6) | 74 (9.0) | 7 (2.9) | < 0.0001 | 7 (2.2) | 7 (3.8) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.0001 |
 3.1–8 | 838 (78.6) | 688 (83.6) | 150 (61.7) |  | 177 (55.5) | 139 (75.1) | 38 (28.4) |  |
 >8 | 147 (13.8) | 61 (7.4) | 86 (35.4) |  | 135 (42.3) | 39 (21.1) | 96 (71.6) |  |
 Serum creatinine (IQR-umol/L) | 72.4 (59.4, 87.2) | 70.9 (59.0, 83.0) | 78.8 (62.5, 104.0) | < 0.0001 | 79.6 (63.0, 109.8) | 73.9 (59.5, 91.6) | 107.8 (69.2, 196.7) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 >133 | 65 (6.1) | 24 (2.9) | 41 (16.9) | < 0.0001 | 60 (18.9) | 8 (4.3) | 52 (39.4) | < 0.0001 |
 ≤ 133 | 995 (93.9) | 794 (97.1) | 201 (83.1) |  | 257 (81.1) | 177 (95.7) | 80 (60.6) |  |
 Creatine kinase (IQR-U/L) | 76 (50.0, 141.0) | 71 (49.0, 123.0) | 123 (54.0, 247.0) | < 0.0001 | 124.5 (55.5, 274.5) | 89 (48.0, 196.0) | 240 (101.0, 553.0) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 <50 | 235 (24.4) | 190 (25.2) | 45 (21.5) | < 0.0001 | 53 (19.5) | 46 (27.7) | 7 (6.6) | < 0.0001 |
 50–310 | 640 (66.5) | 517 (68.6) | 123 (58.9) |  | 159 (58.4) | 102 (61.5) | 57 (53.8) |  |
 >310 | 88 (9.1) | 47 (6.2) | 41 (19.6) |  | 60 (22.1) | 18 (10.8) | 42 (39.6) |  |
 Creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (IQR-U/L) | 13 (10.0, 17.0) | 13 (10.0, 16.0) | 17 (13.0, 24.0) | < 0.0001 | 18 (14.0, 27.0) | 15 (12.0, 20.0) | 24 (18.0, 47.0) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 ≤ 24 | 921 (90.8) | 747 (95.3) | 174 (75.7) | < 0.0001 | 213 (70.5) | 149 (84.7) | 64 (50.8) | < 0.0001 |
 >24 | 93 (9.2) | 37 (4.7) | 56 (24.3) |  | 89 (29.5) | 27 (15.3) | 62 (49.2) |  |
Serum prealbumin (IQR-g/L) | 132 (85.0, 191.0) | 144 (98.0, 201.0) | 86 (48.0, 132.0) | < 0.0001 | 78 (44.5, 122.5) | 105.5 (70.5, 152.5) | 48.5 (29.5, 75.0) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | ||||||||
 <200 | 799 (77.9) | 588 (74.0) | 211 (91.3) | < 0.0001 | 286 (92.9) | 160 (88.9) | 126 (98.4) | 0.0013 |
 200–430 | 227 (22.1) | 207 (26.0) | 20 (8.7) |  | 22 (7.1) | 20 (11.1) | 2 (1.6) |  |
 Serum amyloid protein A (IQR-mg/L) | 186 (28.9, 272.3) | 151.6 (20.6, 259.1) | 242.4 (177.4, 284.0) | < 0.0001 | 246.45 (180.4, 284.0) | 241.2 (132.4, 284.0) | 260.1 (188.9, 284.0) | 0.0103 |
Distribution, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 ≤ 10 | 150 (16.9) | 140 (20.0) | 10 (5.4) | < 0.0001 | 11 (4.3) | 9 (6.0) | 2 (1.9) | 0.2075 |
 >10 | 737 (83.1) | 560 (80.0) | 177 (94.6) |  | 245 (95.7) | 142 (94.0) | 103 (98.1) |  |
C-reactive-protein (IQR-mg/L) | 25.6 (4.9, 79.1) | 18.4 (3.8, 54.4) | 86.25 (22.3, 160.0) | < 0.0001 | 102.5 (37.6, 160.0) | 52.4 (12.1, 103.0) | 160 (124.2, 177.1) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 ≤ 6.9 | 287 (30.2) | 259 (35.4) | 28 (12.8) | < 0.0001 | 31 (10.7) | 28 (17.4) | 3 (2.3) | < 0.0001 |
 >6.9 | 663 (69.8) | 473 (64.6) | 190 (87.2) |  | 258 (89.3) | 133 (82.6) | 125 (97.7) |  |
Serum ferritin (IQR-ng/mL) | 377.72 (133.72, 723.96) | 344.66 (136.53, 625.70) | 557.58 (79.26, 1264.47) | 0.0002 | 618.13 (150.31, 1503.90) | 647.98 (245.35, 1193.72) | 616.55 (38.68, 2000.00) | 0.8666 |
Distribution, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 <21.8 | 35 (5.0) | 27 (5.2) | 8 (4.4) | 0.0931 | 9 (3.6) | 5 (3.6) | 4 (3.6) | 0.1069 |
 21.8-274.6 | 247 (35.1) | 192 (36.9) | 55 (30.0) |  | 71 (28.5) | 32 (23.4) | 39 (34.8) |  |
 > 274.6 | 421 (59.9) | 301 (57.9) | 120 (65.6) |  | 169 (67.9) | 100 (73.0) | 69 (61.6) |  |
Interleukin-6 (IQR-pg/mL) | 14.0 (7.8, 398.8) | 14.6 (7.8, 354.4) | 13.3 (8.0, 648.4) | 0.1783 | 13.9 (8.4, 660.9) | 10.5 (7.2, 458.0) | 31.9 (11.1, 1487.0) | < 0.0001 |
Distribution, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 ≤ 7 | 28 (3.7) | 20 (3.4) | 8 (4.6) | 0.4741 | 8 (3.4) | 5 (4.0) | 3 (2.8) | 0.8896 |
 > 7 | 729 (96.3) | 563 (96.6) | 166 (95.4) |  | 226 (96.6) | 121 (96.0) | 105 (97.2) |  |
Radiologic findings | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Abnormalities, n (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Ground-glass opacity | 958 (92.3) | 734 (91.9) | 224 (93.7) | 0.3444 | 293 (93.3) | 176 (94.1) | 117 (92.1) | 0.4881 |
 Pulmonary consolidation | 171 (16.5) | 106 (13.3) | 65 (27.2) | < 0.0001 | 88 (28.0) | 49 (26.2) | 39 (30.7) | 0.383 |
 Pulmonary interstitial abnormalities | 646 (62.3) | 471 (59.0) | 175 (73.2) | < 0.0001 | 229 (72.9) | 138 (73.8) | 91 (71.7) | 0.6749 |
 Pneumothorax | 26 (2.5) | 18 (2.3) | 8 (3.4) | 0.3437 | 13 (4.1) | 6 (3.2) | 7 (5.5) | 0.3147 |
 Pleural effusion | 44 (4.2) | 33 (4.1) | 11 (4.6) | 0.7505 | 16 (5.1) | 10 (5.4) | 6 (4.7) | 0.8053 |