Age (y)
|
53.0 (43.0, 64.5)
|
63.0 (50.0, 70.0)
|
0.004
|
Male sex, n (%)
|
26 (74.3)
|
102 (77.9)
|
0.655
|
Cardiac arrest witnessed, n (%)
|
24 (68.6)
|
88 (67.2)
|
0.876
|
Bystander CPR attempt, n (%)
|
25(71.4)
|
63(48.1)
|
0.014
|
Initial recorded cardiac arrest rhythm, n (%)
| | |
0.709
|
VF or pulseless VT
|
22 (62.9)
|
89 (67.9)
| |
Pulseless electrical activity
|
7 (20.0)
|
23 (17.6)
| |
Asystole
|
6 (17.1)
|
19 (14.5)
| |
Gasping during transportation by EMS, n (%)
|
20 (57.1)
|
18 (13.7)
|
< 0.001
|
Aetiology of cardiac arrest, n (%)
| | |
0.222
|
Cardiac, n (%)
|
25 (71.4)
|
106 (80.9)
| |
No cardiac, n (%)
|
10 (28.6)
|
25 (19.1)
| |
Pulmonary embolism
|
1
|
2
| |
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
|
0
|
3
| |
Accidental hypothermia
|
8
|
6
| |
Acute aortic dissection
|
0
|
3
| |
Respiratory disease
| | | |
Pneumonia
|
0
|
1
| |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
|
0
|
1
| |
Asthma
|
0
|
1
| |
Other
|
1
|
8
| |
Epinephrine dose before hospital admission, mg
|
0.0 (0.0, 2.0)
|
2.0 (0.0, 3.0)
|
0.002
|
Cardiac rhythm at admission
| | |
0.009
|
ROSCa
|
6 (17.1)
|
4 (3.1)
| |
VF or pulseless VT
|
19 (54.3)
|
59 (45.0)
| |
Pulseless electrical activity
|
6 (17.1)
|
46 (35.1)
| |
Asystole
|
4 (11.4)
|
22 (16.8)
| |
Low-flow duration, min
|
42.00 (30.00, 55.00)
|
46.00 (36.00, 54.00)
|
0.299
|
No-flow duration, min, median, n = 115b
|
0.00 (0.00, 1.50), n = 26b
|
2.00 (0.00, 10.00), n = 89b
|
0.006
|
pH at admission, n = 162c
|
6.94 (6.88, 7.06), n = 35
|
6.90 (6.81, 7.02), n = 127
|
0.098
|
Serum lactate at admission, n = 158c
|
13.7 (8.7, 16.0), n = 35
|
12.7 (11.0, 15.2), n = 123
|
0.948
|
Epinephrine administration after admission, mg
|
1.0 (0.0, 2.0)
|
1.0 (0.0, 3.0)
|
0.036
|
Intra-aortic balloon pumping, n (%)
|
26 (74.3)
|
89 (67.9)
|
0.470
|
Percutaneous coronary intervention, n (%)
|
16 (45.7)
|
62 (47.3)
|
0.865
|
Therapeutic temperature management, n (%)
|
26 (74.3)
|
84 (64.1)
|
0.259
|