Characteristic | Episode 2 | Episode 3 | Episode 4 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Covid-19 | Influenza | Covid-19 | Influenza | Covid-19 | Influenza | |
Number of patients | 34 | 17 | 20 | 8 | 11 | 3 |
Relapse | 26 (76) | 10 (59) | 16 (76) | 7 (78) | 11 (100) | 3 (100) |
Days between end of treatment and relapse | 2 (1–3) | 3 (0–5) | 2 (0–4) | 3 (0–5) | 0 (0–2) | 8 (4–8) |
Relapse before end of treatment | 6 (23) | 3 (30) | 7 (44) | 2 (29) | 6 (55) | 0 |
Superinfection | 8 (24) | 7 (41) | 5 (24) | 2 (22) | 0 | 0 |
Days between end of treatment and superinfection | 4 (0–8) | 8 (7–11) | 0 (0–0) | 35 (23–48) | – | – |
Superinfection before end of treatment | 3 (38) | 0 | 4 (100) | 0 | – | – |
Pathogen responsible for VAP recurrencea | ||||||
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 19 (56) | 11 (64) | 12 (60) | 7 (88) | 8 (73) | 3 (100) |
Enterobacteriaceae | 16 (47) | 5 (29) | 10 (50) | 1 (13) | 7 (64) | 0 |
Inducible AmpC Enterobacteriaceaeb | 11 (32) | 2 (12) | 9 (45) | 0 | 6 (55) | 0 |
ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae | 2 (6) | 0 | 0 | 1 (13) | 0 | 0 |
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 2 (6) | 0 | 1 (5) | 0 | 1 (9) | 0 |
Acinetobacter baumannii | 0 | 1 (6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus | 1 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus | 1 (1) | 0 | 1 (5) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Enterococcus faecalis | 1 (1) | 0 | 4 (20) | 0 | 0 | 0 |