From: Pilot trial of high-dose vitamin C in critically ill COVID-19 patients
Variable | Day | Vitamin C (n = 27) | Placebo (n = 29) | Difference, coefficient (95% CI) | P Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Leukocyte count, 109 | 1 | 9.5 ± 5.0 | 11.6 ± 7.2 | − 2.0(− 5.4 to -1.5) | 0.26 |
3 | 8.6[5.7–11.5] | 8.4[7.1–12.2] | − 0.4(− 3.5 to 2.7) | 0.67 | |
7 | 10.2 ± 6.7 | 9.6 ± 5.4 | 0.6(− 3.0 to 4.1) | 0.74 | |
Neutrophil count, 109 | 1 | 8.2 ± 4.8 | 10.2 ± 7.1 | − 2.0(− 5.3 to 1.4) | 0.24 |
3 | 6.2[4.5–10.5] | 7.1[5.7–9.9] | − 0.5(− 3.5 to 2.5) | 0.50 | |
7 | 8.1 ± 6.5 | 8.2 ± 5.5 | − 0.1(− 3.6 to 3.4) | 0.95 | |
Neutrophil ratio, % | 1 | 83.5 ± 9.6 | 85.8 ± 9.9 | − 2.3(− 7.7 to -3.1) | 0.39 |
3 | 85.7[77.1–91.4] | 83.3[75.5–91.8] | 4.0(− 6.3 to 14.4) | 0.70 | |
7 | 78.5 ± 15.8 | 81.7 ± 11.5 | − 3.2(− 11.2 to 4.8) | 0.42 | |
IL-6 | 1 | 22.6[8.9–85.5] | 54.7[12.3–145.5] | -6.2(-129.7 to 117.3) | 0.61 |
3 | 113.1[21.8–288.7] | 37.2[5.6–85.3] | 92.4(− 25.1 to 210.0) | 0.07 | |
7 | 19.4[10.6–29.2] | 158.0[15.3–259.6] | − 165.8(− 301.7 to − 29.8) | 0.04 | |
Lymphocyte count, 109 | 1 | 0.6[0.4–1.0] | 0.5[0.4–1.0] | 0.1(− 0.2 to 0.4) | 0.49 |
3 | 0.6[0.3–1.0] | 0.71[0.5–1.1] | − 2.6(− 8.6 to 3.4) | 0.50 | |
7 | 0.8[0.4–1.1] | 0.7[0.4–1.0] | 1.1(− 0.8 to 3.0) | 0.25 | |
Lymphocyte ratio, % | 1 | 9.7 ± 7.0 | 8.1 ± 7.3 | 1.6(− 2.3 to 5.6) | 0.41 |
3 | 10.1 ± 9.2 | 8.7 ± 4.9 | 1.4(− 2.7 to 5.4) | 0.88 | |
7 | 13.1 ± 11.3 | 6.8[5.1–13.4] | 3.3(− 2.1 to 8.8) | 0.23 | |
PCT, ng/mL | 1 | 0.2[0.1–0.6] | 0.2[0.1–0.5] | − 9.9(− 29.3 to 9.4) | 0.80 |
3 | 0.4[0.1–3.2] | 0.3[0.1–1.1] | − 6.6(− 20.5 to 7.3) | 0.84 | |
7 | 0.3[0.1–14.8] | 0.2[0.1–0.7] | 13.3(− 17.9 to 44.5) | 0.18 | |
CRP, mg/L | 1 | 39.9[3.9–86.9] | 56.8[40.2–100.2] | − 23.2(− 69.5 to 23.1) | 0.19 |
3 | 43.5[3.4- 65.7] | 66.3[29.8–107.4] | − 4.8(− 68.1 to 58.5) | 0.28 | |
7 | 29.5[11.0–110.9] | 30.2[2.3–131.7] | − 12.6(− 75.3, 50.1) | 0.68 | |
Total bilirubin, umol/L | 1 | 8.6[6.8- 15.6] | 10.8[7.4–18.3] | − 1.5(− 7.3 to 4.4) | 0.28 |
3 | 8.4[6.7–16.1] | 14.9[9.9–25.5] | − 9.7(− 18.3 to − 0.6) | 0.03 | |
7 | 8.3[6.5–16.2] | 15.3[9.0–27.7] | − 4.2(− 15.9 to 7.5) | 0.11 | |
Creatinine, umol/L | 1 | 64.2[46.9–85.5] | 64.2[52.0 -81.7] | 26.4(− 50.9 to 103.7) | 0.57 |
3 | 60.3[37.7–80.4] | 70.35[49.80–100.9] | 2.5(− 39.9 to − 44.9) | 0.15 | |
7 | 57.5[40.0–7] | 63.50[51.7–104.5] | − 12.4(− 45.6 to 20.7) | 0.13 | |
BUN, mmol/L | 1 | 7.11[4.48–11.10] | 6.50[4.9–9.9] | 9.3(− 8.8 to 27.4) | 0.84 |
3 | 7.6 ± 5.0 | 8.6[5.1–11.4] | − 2.1(-5.2 to − 1.0) | 0.11 | |
7 | 8.5 ± 5.7 | 7.8[5.1–10.5] | − 0.7(− 4.1 to 2.7) | 0.48 | |
PT, s | 1 | 13.3[12.4–14.6] | 12.9[12.5–13.8] | − 0.6(− 2.4 to 1.2) | 0.97 |
3 | 13.9 ± 3.2 | 13.3[12.7–15.1] | − 0.29(− 2.0 to 1.4) | 0.33 | |
7 | 13.0 ± 2.6 | 13.1[12.4–14.6] | − 0.3(− 1.7 to 1.1) | 0.08 |