Table 1 Comparison of deprived and non-deprived patients at admission to the intensive care unit in the IVOIRE cohort (N = 1294)
Variable | All (n = 1294) | Non-deprived (n = 665) | Deprived (n = 629) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
Age | 66.17 ± 14.93 | 67.18 ± 13.95 | 65.10 ± 15.84 | 0.01 |
Male gender | 805 (62.2%) | 425 (63.9%) | 380 (60.4%) | 0.195 |
Level of educationa,c | < 0.0001 | |||
No educational diplomas/certificates | 249 (19.7%) | 95 (14.6%) | 154 (25.0%) | |
Primary school certificate and/or some secondary school | 363 (28.7%) | 173 (26.6%) | 190 (30.8%) | |
Professional certificate | 358 (28.3%) | 193 (29.7%) | 165 (26.8%) | |
High school diploma or higher | 296 (23.4%) | 189 (29.1%) | 107 (17.4%) | |
Employment statusa,c | < 0.0001 | |||
Not working, unemployed or job-seeker, never worked | 143 (11.2%) | 48 (7.3%) | 95 (15.3%) | |
Employed | 190 (14.9%) | 118 (18.0%) | 72 (11.6%) | |
Retired | 817 (64.1%) | 456 (69.7%) | 361 (58.1%) | |
Invalidity | 125 (9.8%) | 32 (4.9%) | 93 (15.0%) | |
Socioeconomic categorya,c | < 0.0001 | |||
Farmers | 54 (4.2%) | 34 (5.1%) | 20 (3.2%) | |
Self-employed/own business | 106 (8.2%) | 59 (8.9%) | 47 (7.5%) | |
Upper management and liberal professions | 130 (10.1%) | 95 (14.4%) | 35 (5.6%) | |
Labourers | 397 (30.9%) | 165 (25.0%) | 232 (37.1%) | |
Employees/intermediate professions | 500 (38.9%) | 273 (41.4%) | 227 (36.3%) | |
No profession | 69 (5.4%) | 25 (3.8%) | 44 (7.0%) | |
Did not wish to disclose | 29 (2.3%) | 9 (1.4%) | 20 (3.2%) | |
Living arrangementsb | ||||
Living alone | 372 (28.8%) | 105 (15.8%) | 267 (42.4%) | < 0.0001 |
Living with family members | 871 (67.3%) | 556 (83.6%) | 315 (50.1%) | < 0.0001 |
In assisted living, long-term care facility or nursing home | 47 (3.6%) | 2 (0.3%) | 45 (7.1%) | < 0.0001 |
Social welfare coverageb | ||||
Beneficiary of the basic French healthcare systemc | 1234 (96.4%) | 642 (97.9%) | 592 (94.9%) | 0.004 |
Universal healthcare coveragec | 46 (3.6%) | 15 (2.3%) | 31 (5.0%) | 0.010 |
Universal coverage + assistance with complementary health insurance + state medical aidc | 47 (3.7%) | 11 (1.7%) | 36 (5.8%) | 0.0001 |
Complementary health insurancec | 1102 (86.2%) | 612 (93.3%) | 490 (78.8%) | < 0.0001 |
Pre-existing conditions | ||||
Alcohol consumption (≥ 2 glasses per day)c | 399 (31.7%) | 179 (27.5%) | 220 (36.1%) | 0.001 |
Smoking statusc | < 0.0001 | |||
Non-smokers | 474 (36.8%) | 272 (41.0%) | 202 (32.4%) | |
Current smokers | 360 (28.0%) | 144 (21.7%) | 216 (34.7%) | |
Former smokers | 453 (35.2%) | 248 (37.3%) | 205 (32.9%) | |
Charlson comorbidity index mean ± SD | 2.6 ± 2.5 | 2.4 ± 2.4 | 2.8 ± 2.6 | 0.007 |
Katz ADL score < 3c | 88 (6.9%) | 30 (4.6%) | 58 (9.3%) | 0.0009 |
Healthcare utilization | ||||
Chronic diseasec | 839 (68.0%) | 416 (64.8%) | 423 (71.4%) | 0.0123 |
Home helpc | 271 (21.4%) | 121 (18.4%) | 150 (24.5%) | 0.009 |
Difficulty paying for medication or examinationsc | 90 (7.2%) | 16 (2.5%) | 74 (12.3%) | < 0.0001 |
Time from home to nearest doctor ≥ 15 minc | 303 (24.4%) | 131 (20.3%) | 172 (28.7%) | 0.0006 |
Severity of illness at admission | ||||
SOFAc mean ± SD | 8.0 ± 4.0 | 8.2 ± 3.8 | 7.7 ± 4.2 | 0.018 |
Indication for admission to ICUa,c | 0.194 | |||
Cardiac | 188 (15.3%) | 104 (16.5%) | 84 (14.0%) | |
Gastro-enterology | 63 (5.1%) | 37 (5.9%) | 26 (4.3%) | |
Neurological | 56 (4.6%) | 26 (4.1%) | 30 (5.0%) | |
Renal | 40 (3.2%) | 17 (2.7%) | 23 (3.8%) | |
Respiratory | 392 (31.8%) | 187 (29.6%) | 205 (34.1%) | |
Sepsis | 325 (26.4%) | 170 (26.9%) | 155 (25.8%) | |
Trauma | 72 (5.8%) | 33 (5.2%) | 39 (6.5%) | |
Other reasons | 96 (7.8%) | 57 (9.0%) | 39 (6.5%) |