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Table 1 Characteristics and outcomes based on the need for intubation

From: Performance of the ROX index to predict intubation in immunocompromised patients receiving high-flow nasal cannula for acute respiratory failure

Variables

Patients who need intubation (n = 115)

Patients who were not intubated (n = 187)

p

Age (year) median, (IQR)

63 (53–69)

63 (56–71)

0.25

Gender, male (n, %)

81 (70)

127 (68)

0.74

Comorbidities (n, %)

 Cardiovascular

59 (58)

92 (56)

0.85

 Pulmonary

41 (40.6)

63 (38.7)

0.85

 Kidney

15 (15)

34 (21)

0.31

Charlson Index median, (IQR) missing data = 36

4 (3–6)

5 (4–7)

0.006

Underlying disease (n, %)

 Haematological malignancy, n (%)

90 (78)

135 (72)

0.12

Allogeneic stem cell transplant, n (%)

15 (14.7)

13 (9.3)

0.27

Performance status < 2 (n, %)

68 (59)

111 (59)

0.99

Number of quadrant involved = 3 or 4 (n, %) missing data = 56

56/96 (44)

66/150 (31)

0.04

Aetiology of ARF (n, %)

  

0.07

 Bacterial or viral pneumonia

58 (50)

92 (49.5)

 

 Opportunistic infection

27 (23.5)

27 (14.4)

 

 Lung involvement by the underlying disease drug-related pulmonary toxicity

7 (6)

19 (10)

 

 Other identified causes

13 (11)

39 (21)

 

 No identified cause

9 (7.8)

8 (4.3)

 

Neutropenia recovery at admission (n, %)

15 (13)

13 (7)

0.12

SOFA day 1 missing data = 25

6 [3–9]

4 [2–6]

 < 0.001

RR 30 min after randomization median, (IQR) missing data = 14

29 (22.5–35)

26 (22–32)

0.02

Oxygen flow > 9 L/min at randomization, n (%)

66 (57.4)

100 (53.5)

0.02

ROX index at H6

4.79 [3.69–7.01]

6.10 [4.48–8.68]

 < 0.001

NIV group

20 (17.4)

25 (13.3)

0.43

Glasgow score at 15 at Day 1 (n,%)

97 (84)

160 (86)

0.86

Length between ICU admission and intubation

2 (1–3)

NA

NA

Outcomes

 Vasopressor during ICU stay, n (%)

99 (86)

34 (18)

 < 0.001

 Renal replacement therapy during ICU stay, n (%)

38 (33)

11 (6)

 < 0.001

 End of life decision during ICU stay, n (%)

31 (29)

10 (5.4)

 < 0.001

 ICU mortality (n,%)

64 (55.7)

19 (10.2)

 < 0.001

Length of ICU stay for survival patient (n = 219)

17 (12.5–27)

7 (5–11)

 < 0.001

Length of hospital stay median, (IQR) (n = 302)

32 (15–60)

21 (13–32)

0.001

  1. ARF: acute respiratory failure, NIV: non-invasive ventilation, RR: respiratory rate