Table 2 In-ICU characteristics and outcomes of the 90 ECMO-treated SRD patients: hospital survivors vs. nonsurvivors
From: Outcomes of severe systemic rheumatic disease patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Characteristic | n/n* | Survivors n = 44 | Nonsurvivors n = 46 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | 26 (59.1) | 34 (73.9) | 0.1 | |
Age at admission, years | 38.9 ± 15.6 | 44.2 ± 14.5 | 0.1 | |
Symptom-onset-to-ICU interval, days | 8 [3–21.5] | 16 [6–41] | 0.03 | |
Hospital-to-ICU interval, days | 3.5 [1–8] | 8 [3–19] | 0.007 | |
Days in ICU | 19 [9–59] | 17 [5–37] | 0.1 | |
Pre-ICU–admission SRD | ||||
Connective tissue diseases | 23 (52.3) | 29 (63.0) | 0.3 | |
Vasculitides | 7 (15.9) | 3 (6.5) | 0.2 | |
Corticosteroids | 17 (38.6) | 26 (56.5) | 0.1 | |
Immunosuppressant(s) | 14 (31.8) | 19 (41.3) | 0.4 | |
Heart involvement | 7 (15.9) | 16 (34.8) | 0.04 | |
In-ICU SRD | ||||
Flare-related admission | 31 (70.5) | 38 (82.6) | 0.2 | |
In-ICU diagnosis | 14 (31.8) | 17 (37) | 0.6 | |
Corticosteroids | 28 (63.6) | 30 (65.2) | 0.9 | |
Immunosuppressant(s) | 13 (29.5) | 18 (39.1) | 0.3 | |
Organ failure at ICU admission | ||||
Day-0 SAPS II | 57 [45–66] | 62 [48–75] | 0.07 | |
Day-0 SOFA score | 12 [9–15] | 15 [12–18] | 0.01 | |
ECMO | ||||
VV-ECMO | 21 (47.7) | 21 (45.7) | 0.8 | |
RESP score | 2 [− 0.5 to 3] | − 2 [− 4 to 0] | 0.001 | |
VA-ECMO | 23 (52.3) | 25 (54.3) | 0.8 | |
SAVE score | − 0.5 [− 6 to 1.7] | − 11 [− 15 to − 5] | 0.001 | |
Days on ECMO | 8 [5–22.2] | 8 [1–20.2] | 0.2 | |
ECMO complication | ||||
Limb ischemia | 6 (13.6) | 5 (10.9) | 0.7 | |
Insertion-site hemorrhage | 6 (13.6) | 14 (30.4) | 0.06 | |
Cannula-related infection | 10 (22.7) | 10 (21.7) | 0.9 | |
In-ICU organ support | ||||
Dobutamine | 23 (52.3) | 20 (43.5) | 0.4 | |
Vasopressors | 38 (86.4) | 45 (97.8) | 0.04 | |
Mechanical ventilation | 42 (95.5) | 45 (97.8) | 0.5 | |
Renal replacement therapy | 18 (40.9) | 31 (67.4) | 0.01 | |
Highest in-ICU value | ||||
Arterial lactate, mmol/L | 43/46 | 6.4 [3.2–10] | 13 [5.9–18] | 0.001 |
Troponin, ULN | 39/45 | 13.2 [4.4–41.7] | 10.7 [1.8–53.2] | 0.5 |
Serum creatinine, µmol/L | 42/41 | 143 [89–342] | 147 [93–218] | 0.8 |
Lowest in-ICU value | ||||
Platelet count, G/L | 43/46 | 56 [30–103] | 23 [7–40] | < 0.0001 |
Prothrombin time, % | 43/46 | 47 [37–60] | 34 [16–55] | 0.005 |
Outcome | ||||
In-ICU–acquired infection | 26 (59.1) | 33 (71.7) | 0.2 | |
Fungal infection | 3 (6.8) | 11 (23.9) | 0.02 | |
Transplantation | 8 (18.2) | 1 (2.2) | 0.01 | |
Heart | 3 (6.8) | 1 (2.2) | n/a | |
Heart–kidney combined | 1 (2.3) | 0 (0) | n/a | |
Lung | 4 (9.1) | 0 (0) | n/a | |
Left ventricular assist device | 1 (2.3) | 1 (2.2) | 0.9 | |
Weaning | 36 (81.8) | 7 (15.2) | < 0.0001 | |
In-ICU mortality | 0 (0) | 44 (95.7) | < 0.0001 | |