Table 1 Clinical and biological characteristics of patients according to WIND classification
Variables | Total (n = 76) | WIND classification | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Simple (n = 21) | Difficult (n = 33) | Prolonged (n = 22) | |||
Age (years) | 76 | 61.0 (± 14.2) | 63.4 (± 13.2) | 63.2 (± 14.3) | 0.81 |
Female gender | 76 | 6 (28.6%) | 13 (39.4%) | 8 (36.4%) | 0.72 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 61 | 26.0 (23.5–30.0) | 28.6 (22.8–35.7) | 25.6 (22.9–32.5) | 0.64 |
SAPS-II at admission | 76 | 54 (34–65) | 53 (41–71) | 50 (41–70) | 0.43 |
Comorbidities | |||||
COPD | 76 | 3 (14.7%) | 10 (30.3%) | 7 (31.8%) | 0.34 |
Restrictive lung disease | 76 | 2 (9.5%) | 6 (18.2%) | 1 (4.6%) | 0.29 |
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome | 76 | 6 (28.6%) | 7 (21.2%) | 1 (4.6%) | 0.11 |
Asthma | 76 | 2 (9.5%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (4.6%) | 0.21 |
Current smoker | 76 | 9 (42.9%) | 16 (48.5%) | 15 (68.2%) | 0.21 |
Central nervous system disease | 76 | 2 (9.5%) | 4 (12.1%) | 3 (13.6%) | 0.91 |
Peripheral neuropathy | 76 | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.0%) | 1 (4.6%) | 0.64 |
Mental illness | 76 | 2 (9.5%) | 3 (9.1%) | 1 (4.6%) | 0.79 |
HF with preserved ejection fraction | 76 | 6 (28.6%) | 8 (24.2%) | 3 (13.6%) | 0.47 |
HF with reduced ejection fraction | 76 | 1 (4.8%) | 3 (9.1%) | 7 (31.8%) | 0.02 |
Atrial fibrillation | 76 | 2 (9.5%) | 8 (24.2%) | 7 (31.8%) | 0.20 |
Arterial hypertension | 76 | 12 (57.1%) | 20 (60.6%) | 11 (50%) | 0.74 |
Valvular heart disease | 76 | 4 (19.1%) | 4 (12.1%) | 3 (13.6%) | 0.77 |
Coronary artery disease | 76 | 5 (23.8%) | 6 (18.2%) | 6 (27.3%) | 0.72 |
Pulmonary hypertension | 76 | 1 (4.8%) | 3 (9.1%) | 1 (4.6%) | 0.74 |
Reason for mechanical ventilation | 76 | 0.46 | |||
Coma | 3 (14.7%) | 4 (12.1%) | 1 (4.6%) | ||
Septic shock | 3 (14.7%) | 2 (6.1%) | 6 (27.3%) | ||
COPD exacerbation | 2 (9.5%) | 2 (6.1%) | 1 (4.6%) | ||
Pneumonia | 3 (14.7%) | 10 (30.3%) | 5 (22.7%) | ||
Cardiogenic pulmonary oedema | 3 (14.7%) | 2 (6.1%) | 1 (4.6%) | ||
Cardiac arrest | 3 (14.7%) | 8 (24.2%) | 2 (9.1%) | ||
Surgery | 1 (4.8%) | 4 (12.1%) | 3 (13.6%) | ||
Others | 3 (14.7%) | 1 (3.0%) | 3 (13.6%) | ||
Complications in ICU before weaning | |||||
Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 76 | 7 (33.3%) | 12 (36.4%) | 12 (54.6%) | 0.29 |
Septic shock | 76 | 9 (42.9%) | 12 (36.4%) | 16 (72.7%) | 0.03 |
Ventilator-associated pneumonia | 76 | 4 (19.1%) | 9 (27.3%) | 13 (59.1%) | 0.01 |
Atrial fibrillation | 76 | 4 (19.1%) | 9 (27.3%) | 11 (50%) | 0.11 |
Ventilation duration before first SBT (d) | 76 | 4 (3–10) | 4 (2–11) | 13 (4–20) | < 0.01 |
Fluid balance before first SBT (L) | 76 | 3.7 (0.9–9.3) | 3.5 (0.9–9.7) | 9.2 (2.4–18.5) | 0.046 |
SOFA before weaning | 76 | 3 (2–7) | 3 (2–5) | 4 (3–6) | 0.19 |
Success of second SBT | 76 | 12 (57.1%) | 11 (33.3%) | 3 (13.6%) | 0.01 |
Biological data before weaning | |||||
Protidemia (g/L) | 76 | 60.7 (± 10.0) | 60.2 (± 10.0) | 60.8 (± 8.0) | 0.97 |
Creatinine (μmol/L) | 76 | 87 (75–128) | 85 (58–157) | 75 (56–123) | 0.34 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 76 | 10.0 (8.1–11.0) | 9.5 (8.3–10.9) | 8.6 (7.8–10.6) | 0.27 |
White blood count (g/L) | 76 | 12.8 (9.1–17.6) | 10.1 (8.6–14.5) | 12.7 (8.4–18.2) | 0.49 |
Procalcitonin (mg/L) | 73 | 1.1 (0.5–5.0) | 0.5 (0.2–1.4) | 0.6 (0.2–1.5) | 0.15 |
Outcomes | |||||
Success extubation | 76 | 21 (100%) | 30 (90.9%) | 6 (27.3%) | < 0.01 |
Weaning duration (d) | 76 | 1 (1–1) | 3 (2–5) | 17 (9–33) | < 0.01 |
Ventilation duration (d) | 76 | 5 (3–7) | 7 (6–14) | 33 (20–53) | < 0.01 |
ICU length of stay (d) | 76 | 7 (5–12) | 13 (9–20) | 35 (26–58) | < 0.01 |
Hospital length of stay (d) | 76 | 20 (13–30) | 23 (15–49) | 59 (32–) | < 0.01 |
ICU mortality | 76 | 0 (0%) | 3 (9.1%) | 11 (50%) | < 0.01 |