Variable | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | p | First model HR (95% CI) | Second model HR (95% CI) | |
Age (per 10 years) | 1.42 (1.18–1.71) | 0.0002 | – | – |
Age > 65 years | 1.70 (1.03–2.81) | 0.039 | 1.79 (1.02–3.16)* | – |
Sex (male) | 1.20 (0.72–2.00) | 0.49 | – | – |
Obesity | 1.11 (0.48–2.58) | 0.81 | – | – |
Comorbid conditions | 1.33 (0.81–2.18) | 0.26 | 1.16 (0.69–1.93) | 1.17 (0.70–1.97) |
Neoplastic disease | 1.50 (0.80–2.82) | 0.20 | – | – |
Congestive heart failure | 1.00 (0.52–1.92) | 0.99 | – | – |
Cerebrovascular disease | 1.78 (0.72–4.45) | 0.21 | – | – |
Renal disease | 1.36 (0.75–2.46) | 0.31 | – | – |
Liver disease | 6.64 (2.05–21.54) | 0.0016 | – | – |
Status of influenza vaccination | 1.03 (0.48–2.21) | 0.94 | – | – |
At least one factor targeted by the vaccinationa | 1.87 (0.75–4.67) | 0.18 | – | – |
Time to referral from symptoms onset (per day) | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) | 0.99 | – | – |
Treatments before admission | 0.89 (0.52–1.52) | 0.67 | ||
Antimicrobial drugs | 0.81 (0.49–1.34) | 0.41 | – | – |
Antibiotics | 0.85 (0.51–1.39) | 0.51 | – | – |
Antiviral therapy (oseltamivir) | 0.70 (0.37–1.31) | 0.26 | – | – |
Anti-inflammatory drugs | 0.89 (0.44–1.8) | 0.75 | – | – |
Steroids | 0.74 (0.32–1.7) | 0.47 | – | – |
NSAIDs | 1.62 (0.59–4.41) | 0.35 | – | – |
Physical exam during the first 24 h of ICU/ICW admission | ||||
Pulse ≥ 125 per minute | 1.21 (0.71–2.06) | 0.48 | – | – |
Temperature < 35 °C or ≥ 40 °C | 3.37 (1.96–5.81) | 0.00002 | 3.06 (1.73–5.42)** | 2.94 (1.67–5.19)** |
Respiratory rate ≥ 30 per minute or MV | 1.49 (0.85–2.62) | 0.17 | – | – |
Systolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure < 60 mm Hg or vasopressors | 2.4 (1.44–3.99) | 0.0007 | – | – |
Renal replacement therapy | 2.6 (1.32–5.11) | 0.0056 | – | – |
Altered mental status (CGS < 14) | 1.05 (0.6–1.84) | 0.87 | – | – |
Initial severity (scores) | ||||
SAPS2 (points) | 1.04 (1.03–1.05) | < 10e−5 | – | – |
SOFA (points) | 1.15 (1.09–1.21) | < 10e−5 | 1.16 (1.10–1.23)** | – |
Pneumonia Severity Index, Class IV–V | 7.30 (1.04–51.31) | 0.046 | – | – |
CURB65 > 2 | 2.20 (1.30–3.75) | 0.0035 | – | 1.30 (1.06–1.60)* |
Antiviral therapy | ||||
Oseltamivir (ongoing or introduced after ICU admission) | 0.32 (0.18–0.56) | 0.00017 | 0.45 (0.24–0.85)* | 0.34 (0.19–0.61)** |