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Table 3 Outcomes

From: Rapid-flow expulsion maneuver in subglottic secretion clearance to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia: a randomized controlled study

 

RFEM (n = 120)

SSD (n = 121)

Risk difference (95%CI)

p

Primary endpoint

 VAP, n (%)

11 (9.17)

13 (10.74)

− 1.59 (− 9.20, 6.03)

0.683

Secondary endpoints

 Duration of mechanical ventilation, days

8 (5–11)

7 (4–11)

1 (0, 2)

0.141

 Time from intubation to VAP, days

7.25 ± 7.94

7.92 ± 3.77

− 0.67 (− 6.03, 4.69)

0.793

 ICU length of stay, days

16 (10–25)

16 (9–26)

1 (− 2, 3)

0.643

 ICU mortality, n (%)

36 (30.00)

46 (38.02)

− 8.08 (− 20.7, 3.91)

0.188

 ICU expenses, thousand dollars

12.0 (7.88–19.5)

13.3 (7.69–25.2)

0.87 (− 3.28, 15.1)

0.465

 Volume of subglottic secretions, ml/day

9.67 (6.78–13.18)

6.00 (2.10–10.76)

3.15 (1.42, 4.68)

 < 0.001

 Tracheotomy, n (%)

24 (20.00)

23 (19.01)

1 (− 9.08, 11.08)

0.846

 Reintubation, n (%)

12 (10.00)

11 (9.09)

0.91 (− 6.56, 8.4)

0.810

 Antibiotic days during ICU stay (%)

14 (10–20)

15 (8–20)

1 (− 2, 2)

0.601

Safety assessment, n (%)

 Barotrauma

6 (5.00)

10 (8.26)

− 3.29 (− 9.61, 3.03)

0.309

  Pneumothorax

5 (83.33)

6 (60.00)

23.33 (− 19.22, 65.89)

0.330

  Mediastinal emphysema

1 (16.67)

2 (20.00)

− 3.33 (− 42.11, 35.44)

0.869

  Subcutaneous emphysema

1 (16.67)

4 (40.00)

− 23.33 (− 65.89, 19.22)

0.330

 Post-extubation laryngeal edema

7 (5.83)

4 (3.31)

2.55 (− 2.76, 7.86)

0.347

  1. Qualitative indicators are expressed by the number of cases (percentage), and 95% CI is calculated by normal approximation method. If the quantitative index obeys normal distribution, it is expressed by mean ± standard deviation, and 95% CI is calculated by t-test method; if it does not obey normal distribution, it is expressed by median (upper quartile—lower quartile), and 95% CI is calculated by Hodges–Lehmann estimation method