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Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics between survivors and non-survivors

From: Novel phenotypes of coronavirus disease: a temperature-based trajectory model

Demographics

Survivors (n = 1357)

Non-survivors (n = 223)

All patients (n = 1580)

p

Age (years)

56.2 ± 13.9

67.1 ± 12.4

57.7 ± 14.2

 < 0.001

Male [n (%)]

703 (51.8)

136 (60.9)

839 (53.1)

0.011

Comorbidities

 Hypertension [n (%)]

322 (23.7)

75 (33.6)

397 (25.1)

0.002

 Diabetes mellitus [n (%)]

141 (10.3)

43 (19.2)

184 (11.6)

 < 0.001

 Chronic heart diseases [n (%)]

77 (5.6)

27 (12.1)

104 (6.5)

 < 0.001

 COPD [n (%)]

15 (1.1)

11 (4.9)

26 (1.6)

 < 0.001

 Chronic renal diseases [n (%)]

27 (2.0)

7 (3.1)

34 (2.1)

0.273

 Malignant tumor [n (%)]

31 (2.3)

14 (6.2)

45 (2.8)

 < 0.001

Laboratory and disease severity indexes

 Initial white blood cell count (10^9/L)

6.6 ± 3.2

10.2 ± 5.2

7.1 ± 3.7

 < 0.001

 Maximum white blood cell count (10^9/L)

7.8 ± 3.6

16.5 ± 8.8

9.0 ± 5.6

 < 0.001

 Initial neutrophil count (10^9/L)

4.6 ± 2.6

8.3 ± 4.8

5.1 ± 3.3

 < 0.001

 Maximum neutrophil count (10^9/L)

5.7 ± 3.3

14.1 ± 8.0

6.9 ± 5.2

 < 0.001

 Initial lymphocyte cell count (10^9/L)

1.2 ± 0.6

0.8 ± 0.6

1.1 ± 0.6

 < 0.001

 Minimum lymphocyte cell count (10^9/L)

1.0 ± 0.6

0.5 ± 0.4

0.9 ± 0.6

 < 0.001

 Initial hemoglobin level (g/dl)

122.6 ± 16.7

119.9 ± 19.1

122.2 ± 17.1

0.025

 Initial platelet count (10 /L)

224 ± 89

166 ± 73

216 ± 89

 < 0.001

 Initial albumin level (g/L)

33.9 ± 4.3

30.4 ± 4.2

33.4 ± 4.5

 < 0.001

 Initial serum creatinine (mmol/l)

72.1 ± 33.1

96.3 ± 78.6

75.5 ± 43.3

 < 0.001

 PaO2/FiO2

283 ± 128

170 ± 146

266 ± 137

 < 0.001

 Initial CRP level (mmol/L)

29 ± 35 (n = 30)

84 ± 49 (n = 43)

36 ± 41 (n = 343)

 < 0.001

 Maximum CRP level (mmol/L)

38 ± 41 (n = 30)

118 ± 46 (n = 43)

48 ± 49 (n = 343)

 < 0.001

 SOFA score on admission [median (IQR)]

1 (0–2)

3 (1–4)

1 (0–2)

 < 0.001

 Maximum SOFA score [median (IQR)]

1 (0–2)

6 (4–9)

1 (0–2)

 < 0.001

Study center

0.011

 Union Jiangbei Hospital

160 (11.7)

35 (15.6)

195 (12.3)

 

 Wuhan No.9 Hospital

138 (10.1)

25 (11.2)

163 (10.3)

 

 Wuhan No.4 Hospital

42 (3.1)

11 (4.9)

53 (3.3)

 

 Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital

1003 (73.9)

145 (65.0)

1148 (72.6)

 

 Huangshi central Hospital

14 (1.0)

7 (3.1)

21 (1.3)

 

Immunotherapy

Corticosteroid therapy [n (%)]

300 (22.1)

117 (52.4)

417 (26.3)

 < 0.001

Interferon therapy [n (%)]

198 (14.5)

34 (15.2)

232 (13.8)

0.798

Gamma-globulin therapy [n (%)]

270 (19.8)

88 (39.4)

358 (21.3)

 < 0.001

Clinical outcomes

 ARDS [n (%)]

180 (13.2)

197 (88.3)

377 (23.8)

 < 0.001

 Mechanical ventilation [n (%)]

26 (1.9)

78 (34.9)

104 (6.5)

 < 0.001

 Duration of mechanical ventilation (days)

10.3 ± 3.7

5.6 ± 4.6

6.7 ± 4.8

 < 0.001

 Hospital length of stay (days)

13.5 ± 7.1

10.5 ± 7.0

13.0 ± 7.1

 < 0.001

 ICU admission [n (%)]

164 (12.1)

109 (48.8)

273 (17.2)

 < 0.001

 ICU length of stay (days)

10.4 ± 10.3

8.3 ± 7.3

9.6 ± 9.3

0.064

  1. COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, PaO2/FiO2 ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, ICU intensive care unit