Table 1 Characteristics and outcome of the study population
Overall population (n = 50) | No invasive candida infection (n = 40) | Invasive Candida infection (n = 10) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 66.4 [60.5–71.3] | 66 [57.8–70.3] | 69.5 [60.7–74.5] | 0.343 |
Male | 34 (68) | 27 (67.5) | 7 (70) | 0.880 |
SAPSII at admission | 50 [43–62] | 48 [42–58] | 58 [47–66] | 0.143 |
SOFA score at admission | 10 [7–12] | 9 [7–12] | 11.5 [7–13] | 0.528 |
Past medical history | ||||
Diabetes | 15 (30) | 12 (30) | 3 (30) | 1.000 |
NYHA III–IV heart insufficiency | 8 (16.3) | 8 (20.5) | 0 (0) | 0.117 |
Chronic renal failure | 5 (10) | 4 (10) | 1 (10) | 1.000 |
Cirrhosis | 15 (30) | 13 (32.5) | 2 (20) | 0.440 |
COPD | 12 (24) | 11 (27.5) | 1 (10) | 0.246 |
Cancer | 14 (28) | 7 (17.5) | 7 (70) | 0.001 |
Site of initial bacterial infection | ||||
Community-acquired pneumonia | 5 (10) | 5 (12.5) | 0 (0) | 0.239 |
Health-care associated pneumonia | 6 (12) | 4 (10) | 2 (20) | 0.384 |
Intra-abdominal infection | 17 (34) | 11 (27.5) | 6 (60) | 0.052 |
Biliary tract infection | 5 (10) | 4 (10) | 1 (10) | 1.000 |
Urinary tract infection | 2 (4) | 2 (5) | 0 (0) | 0.470 |
Other infections | 9 (18) | 8 (20) | 1 (10) | 0.915 |
Risk factors for Candida infection at inclusion | ||||
Candida colonization | 34 (68) | 27 (67.5) | 7 (70) | 0.880 |
Multifocal Candida colonization | 32 (64) | 24 (60) | 8 (80) | 0.239 |
Candida score | 4 [3, 4] | 3 [3, 4] | 4 [4, 5] | 0.071 |
Parenteral nutrition | 20 (40) | 15 (37.5) | 5 (50) | 0.470 |
Surgery | 27 (54) | 19 (47.5) | 8 (80) | 0.065 |
Abdominal surgery | 23 (46) | 15 (37.5) | 8 (80) | 0.016 |
Broad-spectrum antibiotherapy | 50 (100) | 40 (100) | 10 (100) | 1 |
Immunologicals and mycological parameters at inclusion | ||||
Total lymphocytes | 613 [349–992] | 620 [391–1000] | 546 [289–731] | 0.434 |
CD8+T cells | 73 [51–184] | 71 [47–167] | 124 [59–209] | 0.343 |
CD4+T cells | 279 [134–409] | 279 [146–467] | 245 [93–373] | 0.493 |
NK cells | 64 [29–106] | 65 [30–118] | 42 [29–66] | 0.331 |
mHLA-DR | 9477 [3605–15513] | 9426 [3978–15668] | 12,387 [3592–13180] | 0.888 |
Beta-d-glucan | 73 [22–145] | 76 [16–181] | 62 [34–107] | 0.872 |
Outcome and treatments | ||||
Antifungal therapy at inclusion | 20 (40) | 11 (27.5) | 9 (90) | < 0.001 |
Mechanical ventilation, days | 3 [1–10] | 3 [1–6.5] | 9 [2–22] | 0.067 |
Vasopressors, days | 2.5 [2–6] | 2.5 [2–4.5] | 4 [2–8] | 0.458 |
ICU length of stay | 7 [4–14.5] | 7 [4–14] | 9.5 [3–22] | 0.596 |
Day in ICU before inclusion | 2 [1, 2] | 2 [1, 2] | 2 [2–2] | 0.616 |
Death | 17 (34) | 12 (30) | 5 (50) | 0.232 |