Bioreactance reliably detects preload responsiveness by the end-expiratory occlusion test when averaging and refresh times are shortened

Gavelli, Francesco; Beurton, Alexandra; Teboul, Jean-Louis; De Vita, Nello; Azzolina, Danila; Shi, Rui; Pavot, Arthur; Monnet, Xavier

doi:10.1186/s13613-021-00920-7

Annals of Intensive Care

Table 2 Hemodynamic measurements

From: Bioreactance reliably detects preload responsiveness by the end-expiratory occlusion test when averaging and refresh times are shortened

Variables	EEXPO_start	EEXPO_end	PLR_start	PLR_end
Heart rate (min⁻¹)
Preload responders (n = 26)	95 ± 16	96 ± 17	96 ± 17	93 ± 18**
Preload non-responders (n = 16)	93 ± 23	93 ± 23	93 ± 22	93 ± 22
Systolic arterial pressure (mmHg)
Preload responders (n = 26)	120 ± 17	121 ± 17	122 ± 20	136 ± 16**
Preload non-responders (n = 16)	134 ± 24^a	134 ± 24^a	132 ± 18	139 ± 18
Diastolic arterial pressure (mmHg)
Preload responders (n = 26)	60 ± 11	60 ± 10	62 ± 11	67 ± 11**
Preload non-responders (n = 16)	68 ± 11^a	68 ± 11^a	67 ± 11	71 ± 9
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)
Preload responders (n = 26)	82 ± 12	82 ± 11	83 ± 13	93 ± 12**
Preload non-responders (n = 16)	92 ± 12^a	92 ± 13^a	91 ± 11^a	96 ± 9
Central venous pressure (mmHg)
Preload responders (n = 26)	11 ± 5	11 ± 4	12 ± 4	14 ± 5**
Preload non-responders (n = 16)	14 ± 4^a	13 ± 4	14 ± 4	15 ± 3
PiCCO2 Cardiac Index (L/min/m²)
Preload responders (n = 26)	2.95 ± 1.05	3.12 ± 1.06*	2.89 ± 0.94	3.40 ± 1.03**
Preload non-responders (n = 16)	3.03 ± 0.87	3.08 ± 0.89	2.97 ± 0.78	3.08 ± 0.89
Starling-24.4 Cardiac Index (L/min/m²)
Preload responders (n = 26)	2.8 ± 0.5	3.0 ± 0.6*	2.8 ± 0.5	3.5 ± 0.7**
Preload non-responders (n = 16)	2.4 ± 0.4^a	2.3 ± 0.4^a	2.6 ± 0.5	2.6 ± 0.5^a
Starling-8.1 Cardiac Index (L/min/m²)
Preload responders (n = 26)	2.83 ± 0.58	3.25 ± 0.71*	2.69 ± 0.55	3.98 ± 0.86**
Preload non-responders (n = 16)	2.45 ± 0.41	2.48 ± 0.39^a	2.63 ± 0.50	2.79 ± 0.51^a
Pulse pressure variation (%)
Preload responders (n = 26)	10 ± 6	–	11 ± 7	10 ± 6
Preload non-responders (n = 16)	10 ± 9	–	11 ± 8	10 ± 9
Stroke volume variation (%)
Preload responders (n = 26)	12 ± 6	–	12 ± 6	11 ± 6
Preload non-responders (n = 16)	11 ± 8	–	11 ± 8	11 ± 8

^ap < 0.05 vs. Preload responders
*p < 0.05 vs. EEXPO_start; **p < 0.05 vs. PLR_start

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