Table 1 General characteristics of the study population according to AKI status
From: Admission serum myoglobin and the development of acute kidney injury after major trauma
Characteristics | Whole population | No AKI | AKI all stages | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 857 | n = 755 | n = 102 | ||
General characteristics | ||||
Age, year | 36 [25–52] | 34 [25–49] | 56 [36–67] | < 0.001 |
Ratio m/f, n (%) | 667/190 (78/22) | 577/178 (76/24) | 90/12 (88/12) | 0.007 |
SAPS II | 20 [12–47] | 18 [11–41] | 57 [50–64] | < 0.001 |
SOFA 24 h | 2 [0–9] | 1 [0–6] | 12 [8–14] | < 0.001 |
ISS | 17 [9–29] | 14 [9–26] | 34 [24–50] | < 0.001 |
Blunt/penetrating trauma, n (%) | 821/36 (96/4) | 721/34 (95/5) | 100/2 (98/2) | 0.348 |
Prehospital time, min | 94 [75–120] | 92 [75–115] | 105 [85–136] | 0.003 |
Predicted mortality (TRISS), % | 15.9 | 11.8 | 46.7 | – |
Prehospital characteristics | ||||
GCS | 15 [12–15] | 15 [14–15] | 12 [4–15] | < 0.001 |
Minimum SBP, mmHg | 114 [99–129] | 117 [100–130] | 92 [73–117] | < 0.001 |
Maximum HR, bpm | 94 [81–107] | 94 [82–106] | 98 [71–123] | 0.406 |
Minimum SpO2, % | 97 [95–99] | 97 [95–99] | 96 [91–98] | < 0.001 |
Crystalloids, mL | 500 [250–1000] | 500 [250–750] | 750 [500–1500] | < 0.001 |
Colloids, mL | 0 [0–0] | 0 [0–0] | 0 [0–0] | < 0.001 |
Use of vasopressors, n (%) | 106 (12.4) | 66 (8.8) | 40 (39.6) | < 0.001 |
Hospital admission | ||||
SBP, mmHg | 127 [113–142] | 128 [115–143] | 120 [96–138] | 0.002 |
pH | 7.36 [7.30–7.41] | 7.37 [7.32–7.41] | 7.28 [7.20–7.35] | < 0.001 |
Lactate, mmol/L | 1.9 [1.2–2.8] | 1.7 [1.1–2.5] | 3.2 [2.1–5.3] | < 0.001 |
Hemoglobine, g/dL | 13.4 [11.9–14.4] | 13.5 [12.3–14.5] | 11.4 [9.4–12.9] | < 0.001 |
Fibrinogen, g/L | 2.3 [2–2.8] | 2.4 [2–2.8] | 2.0 [1.3–2.6] | < 0.001 |
Creatinine, μmol/L | 78 [66–93] | 76 [65–87] | 115 [91–137] | < 0.001 |
Phosphate, mmol/L | 0.92 [0.74–1.14] | 0.89 [0.72–1.09] | 1.26 [0.98–1.76] | < 0.001 |
Myoglobin on admission, μg/L | 447 [177–1149] | 393 [154–1015] | 1332 [427–4074] | < 0.001 |
Maximum myoglobin, μg/L | 552 [196–1808] | 482 [167–1245] | 2738 [595–7286] | < 0.001 |
CK on admission, U/L | 423 [215–832] | 401 [211–780] | 643 [350–1185] | < 0.001 |
Maximum CK, U/L | 810 [283–2484] | 757 [268–2036] | 2530 [485–7441] | < 0.001 |
Transfusion | ||||
Hemorrhagic shock, n (%) | 60 (7) | 36 (4.8) | 24 (23.5) | < 0.001 |
Outcomes during hospital stay | ||||
ICU length of stay, days | 4 [2–8] | 4 [2–7] | 7 [3–16] | < 0.001 |
Mortality, n (%) | 103 (12.1) | 62 (8.2) | 41 (40.2) | < 0.001 |