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Annals of Intensive Care

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics, initial severity, and initial new-onset atrial fibrillation management according to 28-day arterial thromboembolic events, major bleeding events and death

From: Transesophageal echocardiography for cardiovascular risk estimation in patients with sepsis and new-onset atrial fibrillation: a multicenter prospective pilot study

Variable

Total (n = 94)

Arterial thromboembolic event

Major bleeding event

Death

No (n = 87)

Yes (n = 7)

No (n = 76)

Yes (n = 18)

No (n = 67)

Yes (n = 27)

Baseline clinical characteristics on ICU admission

Age, median (IQR), years

69 (61–77)

69 (61–77)

69 (63–80)

69 (61–78)

67 (61–74)

69 (61–77)

68 (64–78)

Female sex, no. (%)

33 (35)

31 (36)

2 (29)

26 (34)

7 (39)

25 (37)

8 (30)

Cardiac disease, no. (%)

17 (18)

14 (16)

3 (43)

14 (18)

3 (17)

13 (19)

4 (15)

Left ventricular systolic dysfunction, no. (%)

3 (3)

3 (3)

0

3 (4)

0

3 (4)

0

Vascular disease, no. (%)

19 (20)

16 (18)

3 (43)

14 (18)

5 (28)

11 (16)

8 (30)

Stroke, no. (%)

8 (8)

8 (9)

0

7 (9)

1 (6)

5 (7)

3 (11)

Diabetes mellitus, no. (%)

24 (25)

23 (26)

1 (14)

21 (28)

3 (17)

14 (21)

10 (37)

Smoker, no. (%)

51 (54)

48 (55)

3 (43)

42 (55)

9 (50)

37 (55)

14 (52)

Hypertension, no. (%)

57 (61)

51 (59)

6 (86)

46 (60)

11 (61)

38 (57)

19 (70)

Clinical risk scores, median (IQR)

 CHA2DS2-VASc

3 (2–4)

3 (2–4)

3 (1–4)

3 (2–4)

3 (2–4)

3 (2–4)

3 (2–4)

 HAS-BLED

2 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

2 (1– 3)

2 (1–3)

Previous therapeutic anticoagulation, no. (%)

4 (4)

4 (5)

0

2 (3)

2 (11)

4 (6)

0

Admission category, no. (%)

 Medical

74 (79)

70 (80)

4 (57)

61 (80)

13 (72)

52 (78)

22 (81)

 Scheduled surgery

5 (5)

5 (6)

0

4 (5)

1 (6)

4 (6)

1 (4)

 Emergency surgery

15 (16)

12 (14)

3 (43)a

11 (14)

4 (22)

11 (16)

4 (15)

SAPS II score on ICU admission, median (IQR)

58 (47–74)

58 (44–74)

63 (51–68)

60 (44–74)

54 (50–73)

54 (43–73)

65 (55–74)

Severity and management on the day of NOAF onset

SOFA score, median (IQR)

9 (7–11)

9 (7–11)

9 (6–9)

9 (7–11)

9 (6–11)

9 (7–11)

10 (6–13)

Septic shock, no. (%)

59 (63)

55 (63)

4 (57)

45 (59)

14 (78)

38 (57)

21 (78)

Catecholamine, no. (%)

75 (80)

70 (80)

5 (71)

60 (79)

15 (83)

52 (78)

23 (85)

 Norepinephrine

71 (75)

66 (76)

5 (71)

57 (75)

14 (78)

50 (75)

21 (78)

 Epinephrine

6 (6)

5 (6)

1 (14)

3 (4)

3 (17)b

4 (6)

2 (7)

 Dobutamine

7 (7)

5 (6)

2 (29)

7 (9)

0

5 (7)

2 (7)

Cardioversion attempt, no. (%)

60 (64)

58 (67)

2 (29)

49 (64)

11 (61)

42 (63)

18 (67)

 Medical (amiodarone)

59 (63)

57 (65)

2 (29)

48 (63)

11 (61)

41 (61)

18 (67)

 Electrical

16 (17)

16 (18)

0

9 (12)

7 (39)b

10 (15)

6 (22)

Antiplatelet therapy, no. (%)

24 (25)

21 (24)

3 (43)

17 (22)

7 (39)

15 (22)

9 (33)

Therapeutic anticoagulation, no. (%)

28 (30)

25 (29)

3 (43)

23 (30)

5 (28)

23 (34)

5 (18)

  1. CHA2DS2-VASc congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years (doubled), diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism (doubled), vascular disease, age 65 to 74 years, sex category (female), HAS-BLED hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile international normalized ratio, elderly, drugs/alcohol concomitantly, ICU intensive care unit, IQR interquartile, NOAF new-onset atrial fibrillation, SAPS Simplified Acute Physiology Score, SOFA Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment
  2. ap < 0.05, when compared with the value for no arterial thromboembolic event
  3. bp < 0.05, when compared with the value for no major bleeding event
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